I thought it might be a good idea to start a thread on Dr. Jose Rivera. He was born in Lima, Peru, in 1911. After studying medicine at the University of San Marcos he moved to the United States. He resumed his studies at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. He earned his doctoral degree from Georgetown University in 1939.

In 1942 Rivera joined the United States Army and served as first lieutenant in the medical corps. He was stationed at Walter Reed Army Hospital and later assigned to Halloran General Army Hospital in New York. In 1944 he was promoted to captain and went on a series of assignments in Italy and France and at the 198th General Army Hospital in Berlin.

During the Korean War he served in the Medical Field Unit and was promoted to the rank of major. After the war, he was chief of laboratory service and pathology at the U.S. Army Hospital in Tokyo. In 1958, he was assigned to the Reserve Training Center in Washington.

In April, 1963, Adele Edisen met Rivera at a biomedical scientific conference in Atlantic City, New Jersey. The conference had been organized by the Federation of American Societies of Experimental Biology. Rivera told Edisen that he been on the faculty of the biochemistry department at Loyola University in New Orleans, and that he was now living in Washington. Edisen was planning to visit Washington and so Rivera suggested she telephone him when she arrived in the city.

Adele Edisen arrived in Washington on 22nd April, 1963. She telephoned Rivera and had dinner with him at Blackie's House of Beef restaurant. During the meal Rivera asked Adele if she knew Lee Harvey Oswald. He also talked about the Carousel Club in Dallas.

The following evening Rivera gave Adele Edisen a tour of Washington. When they passed the White House he asked Edisen, "I wonder what Jackie will do when her husband dies?" After Adele replied "What!", Rivera said, "Oh, oh, I meant the baby. She might lose the baby."

During the tour Rivera made several comments about JFK. Adele later reported: "He asked me if I saw Caroline on her pony Macaroni, and all kinds of crazy nonsense, and I was beginning to think I was with an absolute madman.... Rivera's part of the conversation at times was difficult to follow, but many of his statements, such as the reference to 'Jackie,' seemed deliberately placed. When he spoke of President Kennedy, Rivera was extremely critical of Kennedy's position on civil rights. Rivera made many disparaging remarks about black people and the civil rights movement."

Later that evening Rivera asked Adele to carry out a couple of tasks when she arrived home in New Orleans. This included contacting Winston DeMonsabert, a member of the faculty at Loyola University. He then asked her to call Oswald at 899-4244. "Write down this name: Lee Harvey Oswald. Tell him to kill the chief." Rivera then said, "No, no, don't write that down. You will remember it when you get to New Orleans. We're just playing a little joke on him."

Adele phoned this number in early May and was told by the man who answered that there was no one there by the name of Oswald. Later, when she called again, the same man answered, saying that Oswald had just arrived but was not there at the time. Instead she spoke to Marina Oswald and asked her if she might call again in a few days to speak with her husband when he was at home. Marina only spoke Russian to Adele but seemed to understand her request because she replied, "Da". The next time she phoned she got Oswald, but he denied knowing Jose Rivera. Adele asked Oswald for the address where the telephone he was speaking on was located. Oswald gave her an address on Magazine Street. She did not give Oswald Rivera's message.

Adele was concerned that Rivera might be involved in a plot against JFK. She decided to contact the Secret Service in New Orleans and spoke to Special Agent Rice. According to Adele, "After giving my name, address and telephone number to him, I told him I had met a man in Washington in April who said some strange things about the President which I thought they should know. It was my intention to go there and tell them about Rivera and his statements, but I began to think they might not believe me, so I called back and cancelled. Agent Rice told me they would be there any time I would care to come in."

Two days after the assassination Adele arranged a meeting with Secret Service Agent John Rice. Also at the meeting was Orrin Bartlett, Liaison Special Agent of the FBI: "Mr. Rice was seated at his desk, and I was seated to his right, and the FBI agent remained standing most of the time. I believe he may have taped it because every time Mr. Rice got up from his desk, there was a partition over there, for example, and there was a phone there which they used even though there was a phone on the desk, which I didn't understand, but apparently there was some reason for that. So every time Mr. Rice got up to answer the phone or to use the phone, I noticed his hand would do this, and I would either hear a whirring, a mechanical sound like a tape recorder or something. It may have been audiotaped."

Adele told them the story of how she met Rivera in Atlantic City and Washington in April. She also supplied the agents with Rivera's office and home telephone numbers. Edisen later claimed that: "Agent Rice asked me to call them if I remembered anything else, and requested that I not tell anyone I had been there to speak with them. I understood this to be for my own protection as well as for their investigation. Both agents thanked me for speaking with them.

Adele contacted Rice a few days later and he told her, "Don't worry. That man can't hurt you." Edisen assumed that Rivera had been arrested and that she would be called as a witness before the Warren Commission. "When the Warren Report was published, I was mystified and dismayed by the conclusion that Oswald acted alone, and that Jack Ruby acted alone, for my experiences told me otherwise."
After retiring from the United States Army in 1965 Rivera started a second career as a medical research analyst at the Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness.

Jose Rivera died of pancreatic cancer in Naval Medical Center in Bethesda on 16th August, 1989.

Some images that will eventually appear in the photo archives.

http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/JFKphotographs.htm

James

This site gives many useful references. THANKS STEVE GAAL

http://www.mindcontrolforums.com/books.htm

This is generally supportive of Judyth's account in TMWKK.

Oswald was involved with these "mad scientists".........

Touche Shanet


Let's see if you can connect these dots...

The Koepfler's names and phone number is in LHO's address book.

Ms Koepfler and daughters visted Marina in New Orleans.

Ms Paine sent a letter to Ms. Koepfler RE: LHO and Marina.

The Paines and the Koepflers both belong to The Society of Friends.

Rivera is at Tulane in the summer of 63 offering research grants from NIH.

Koepfler researches genetics at Tulane for 25 years and is especially interested in twins.

Rivera gives Adele Edison LHO's phone number and tells her to tell him to "kill the chief".

Billings notes that " . . Fair Play for Cuba meetings may have been held at Ruth Kloepfer's home".

I found out through my research that the The Dallas South Central Yearly Meeting of Friends has a scholarship setup in H Warner Koepfler's name. (interesting connection here, no?).

I've also found MKULTRA documents with Rivera's name on them.

Koepfler and Clay Shaw jointly owned a real estate investment in New Orleans.

Did you mention Judyth and add the "mad scientist" comment as an attempt to discredit Adele's testimony? The problem is that Adele reported her story to the FBI within hours of the assassination.

Unfortunately Adele Edisen is sometimes compared to Judyth Baker. The story is definitely a strange one. How much documentary evidence is there to back up her story? For example, have the relevant FBI files been released?

Bill Kelly: I am aware you have written about this case. I have also been in contact with Adele Edisen via email and I am convinced she is telling the truth. However, the story is fairly amazing. Are there any documents to back up this account of events? For example, have the relevant FBI documents been released?

I have been intrigued by this passage from the statement she made in Dallas, Texas, on 18th November, 1994.


“There were other references to the assassination which I only - he said, for example, after - he kept talking about it in this way, he would say, after it happens - it happens, what happens, you know, I don't know what he is talking about - after it happens, he would say, someone will kill him, meaning apparently the assassin, and I presume it was Oswald, although I never considered until much later that Oswald did it, but anyway Oswald. They will say his best friend killed him. After it happens the President's best friend will jump out of a window because of his grief, and there was such an event about two weeks later, the former Ambassador to Ireland jumped out of a window in Miami, his name was Grant Stockdale. Although, again, at the time I didn't make the connection.”

Grant Stockdale did in fact jump out or was pushed out of a window in Miami on 2nd December, 1963. What puzzles me is how the conspirators knew this was going to happen. What is more, why did they need it to happen?

Have you done any research into Grant Stockdale? My view is that he knew of the conspiracy and told Robert and Edward Kennedy about it in their meeting on 26th November, 1963. That appears to have been a mistake.

http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/JFKedisen.htm

http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/JFKstockdale.htm

John,

I don't think it's fare to compare Adele and Judyth, though they both have the medical research background.

While Judyth only gives info that is verafiable from books and published sources, Adele has given us literally dozens of new leads that DO check out and lead to others.

Stockdale is one example. Others have done more research on his death, all I have is a newspaper clip.

Other leads: Drs. Jose Rivera, his superior Dr. Carl Lamana, SS SAIC NO John Rice, Blackie's House of Beef, the New Orleans medical research community, etc. are all more significant and pan out with other leads.

As for your profile of Dr. Rivera, when she met Rivera at the conference in Atlantic City Adele was a research student with a grant from the NIH that Rivera provided as the administrator.

The Army Inspector General's Report on the Use of Human Subjects in Chemical Agent Research (circa 1976) notes that for the most part, subjects of MKULTRA (LSD, etc.) experiments were either prisoners, soldiers or students, and she was one of the subjects who has survived. It's time to go beyond Adele, and instead of concentrating on her, follow up on the leads she presents.

Doug Horne, a military investigator for the ARRB, requested Rivera's military files and got about 800 pages, which include his background, military postings and the name of his superior on the classified projects Rivera was working on.

Both in 1948 at Ft. Detrick and 1961-63 Rivera worked on classified projects under Dr. Carl Lamanna, who isolated the crystaline form of the botulinum toxin (the most poisonous poison) at Ft. Detrick and did research on Anthrax in the 50s. Dr. Richard E. Shope (U. of Iowa) says that Lamanna was with the Scientific Defense Biological Warfare Program at Ft. Detrick ( later USAMRIID).

The Church Committee discovered the existence of MKNAOMI, a joint CIA-USArmy research project and covert operational base that I believe Lamanna and Rivera were affiliated with. [See attached doc.]

Both Lamanna and Rivera were assigned to a joint Navy-Army research project at Monteray, Calif. at the time Oswald got out of the service and defected, and Rivera, besides being a teacher of nurses in New Orleans at relevant times, was assigned for the longest time - seven years - at Brooks Medical facility in Texas, which JFK visited on 11/21/63. While there, he broke off from the tour he was given to check out a special, new oxygen tank that could have possibly saved the life of his young son Patrick, whose medical condition Rivera was familar with from his NIH position in Bethesda, DC.

The most important lead Adele gives us however, is Special Agent In Charge (SAIC) of the New Orleans Secret Service office, who she talked to on the phone before and after the assassination, and who interviewed her in NO on 11/24/63 at the time of Oswald's murder. I'm sure Oswald's sudden demise suddenly made those whistleblowers like Adele to keep quite.

Rice is only mentioned in a dozen or so docs at the NARA, and in only one book as far as I can tell. Pat Lampert's lame book on Jim Garrison mentions Rice was looking for David Ferrie at one point. Then he disapears, though Adele says he was fairly young and we believe he is still alive today.

There are a number of imortant witnesses and suspects who are stll alive and should be located and properly interviewed, including John Rice, Jim Braden, Steve Kennan, Don Norton, Jean Aase, Carl Mather, the mystery man in Mexico City, and the positive id of the tramps.

Identifying them and their whereabouts, and asking them the proper questions would be significant, and having them testify under oath before a Congressional Hearing or a Grand Jury would be even better.

Bill Kelly
bkjfk3@yahoo.com

Both in 1948 at Ft. Detrick and 1961-63 Rivera worked on classified projects under Dr. Carl Lamanna, who isolated the crystaline form of the botulinum toxin (the most poisonous poison) at Ft. Detrick and did research on Anthrax in the 50s. Dr. Richard E. Shope (U. of Iowa) says that Lamanna was with the Scientific Defense Biological Warfare Program at Ft. Detrick ( later USAMRIID). (Bill Kelly)

Bill,

Carl Lamanna is a very interesting character. He was part of the Military Representatives to the Armed Forces Epidemiological Board in 1965.

The image below shows him in the front row. He is the man wearing the suit.

James

G'Day to you James,

Thanks for the Pix of Lamanna.

He looks remarkablly similar to Rivera -

from Rivera's photo in military files. I scanned the photo in my old mac computer and
posted it at JFK Research a few years ago.

I think Jack White still has the scan filed away. Maybe he can post it for us.

BK

Hi Bill,

These ones of Rivera will be in the Spartacus photo archives section of this site shortly.

James

I agree. I was only commenting on what other people have said.

I still remain confused about how the conspirators knew that Grant Stockdale was going to jump from a high window in Miami. Until this is explained, I will still retain my doubts about the rest of the story.

Have you ever tried to interview George Smathers about Grant Stockdale? In fact, I suspect that Smathers knows a great deal about the assassination of JFK. Do you know why he left the Senate in 1967?

This was of course before Ruby killed Oswald, which would not have been part of the original plan. "They will say his best friend killed him" suggests that the original plan was for Oswald to be eliminated by "his best friend." Who could that be?

The closest thing Oswald had to a best friend, as I recall, was George de Mohrenschildt.

Ron

I see Dr. Jose Rivera does not have an entry at Namebase. Do any members know of any books that look at Rivera's career?

Peter,

That would be a good bet.
Rivera did work in New Orleans for a number of years, teaching nurses.

BK

Forum member Edward Haslam writes:

And there were other connections between NIH and New Orleans. Of particular interest was Jose Rivera, M.D., Ph.D., who sat on the NIH Board of Directors in the 1960s. We will note that Dr. Rivera was really Col. Jose A. Rivera, one of the U.S. Army's top experts in biological warfare, and that in the summer of 1963 he was in New Orleans handing out research grants from NIH (its Institute for Neurological Diseases and Blindness) to Tulane Medical School, LSU Medical School, and the Ochsner Clinic.
(Dr. Mary's Monkey, p. 221)

That is interesting. Do you have any more details on this 'investment'?

Chemical and Biological Activities

Against this background, the Central Intelligence Agency entered into a special agreement with the Army on a project which the CIA codenamed MKNAOMI. The original purpose of MKNAOMI is difficult to determine. Few written records were prepared during its 18 year existence; most of the documents relating to it have been destroyed; and persons with knowledge of its early years have either died or have been unable to recall much about their association with the project. However, it is fair to conclude from the types of weapons developed for the CIA, and from the extreme security associated with MKNAOMI, that the possibility of first use of biological weapons by the CIA was contemplated.

The Army agreed that the Special Operations Division (SOD) at Fort Detrick would assist the CIA in developing, testing, and maintaining biological agents and delivery systems. By this agreement, CIA acquired the knowledge, skill, and facilities of the Army to develop biological weapons suited for CIA use. In 1967, the CIA summarized MKNAOMI objectives:
[/size]

• [size="3"]To provide for a covert support base to meet clandestine operational requirements.
• To stockpile severly incapacitating and lethal materials for the specific use of TSD [Technical Services Division].
• To maintain in operational readiness special and unique items for the dissemination of biological and chemical materials.
• To provide for the required surveillance, testing, upgrading, and evaluation of materials and items in order to assure absence of defects and complete predictability of results to be expected under operational conditions.
  
  In reviewing the records and testimony of SOD personnel, it is easy for the most part, to distinguish SOD's work for the Army from the work for the CIA, even though very few SOD scientists knew of the CIA connection. For example, the CIA personnel who worked with SOD were identified as military officers from the fictitious Staff Support Group, whose interest in SOD was markedly different from the Army's. The CIA was careful to ensure that its moneys were transferred to SOD to cover the cost of CIA projects and the few existing SOD records indicate which projects were to be charged against the CIA funds received from "P-600," the accounting designation for CIA funds.
  
  
  SOD's work for the Army from 1952 until the early 1960s was primarily to assess the vulnerability of sensitive installations, such as the Pentagon, air bases, and subway systems, to biological sabotage by an enemy….
  
  
  The transfer from SOD to the CIA resulted in a major quantity of the toxin being retained by the agency in a manner which clearly violated the President's order….
  
  Nevertheless, the history of MKNAOMI and the atmosphere surrounding it undoubtedly contributed to the mistaken belief of these individuals that they were not directly affected by the President's decision. The MKNAOMI project itself was contrary to the United States policy since 1925 and to Presidential announcement since 1943, for it contemplated a first use of biological weapons by the CIA – albeit in the context of small covert operations. Moreover because of the sensitive nature of MKNAOMI, these scientists gave their superiors little written record of their work and received little or no written guidance. The National Security Council staff, charged by the President with determining what U.S. policy should be, did not discover MKNAOMI in the course of its study and did not, therefore, consider the possibility that the CIA had biological weapons or biological agents. The CIA employee who claims to have made the decision, on his own, to retain the toxin received no written instructions to destroy them. Kept outside the National Security Council's study, the employee had to rely only on the newspaper account of the President's announcement and on his own interpetation of it.

Peter,

When Rivera was at Brookes Army Medical Center at Fort Sam Houston, he worked under William Ampacher who was the director of surgical research. I believe this man had connections to Ochsner.

Rivera worked on a 5 year study concerning antibiotics. Dr. Paul Donaldson is one who may have insights into the chain of command here. I have no idea if he is still alive.

FWIW.

James

After leaving Fort Detrick, home to MK/NAOMI, MK/ULTRA, Army Chemical Agent research, and the Remote Reviewing program, Rivera was stationed at a Navy research center near San Francisco, at the same time LHO was stationed in San Diego.

Rivera was stationed at Brookes for seven years, the longest of any posting in his career. Also recall that the official visit to Brookes was the reason JFK went to Texas, the other stops were political sidelines.

At Brookes, Rivera knew a US Army officer who was command of a unit Rivera describted as trying to identify political demonstrators from photos.

There's also the role played by the Shriners fraternal lodge supported the Brookes Army Medical Center burn unit, and raised millions for their hospital and research.

Rivera's superior at Fort Detrick and the Navy Lab in California was Dr. Carl Lamanna, who had also done research on the use of Anthrax in chemical warfare.


Thanks for those names JR.

Perhaps a background check on Willam Ampacher will offer some more clues as to Dr. Rivera's foreknowledge of the assassination.

BK

Bill,

I don't know much about Ampacher other than during WW2 he was with the 77th Evacuation Hospital and served as deputy surgeon to Richard Arnest.

Arnest I believe was the author of a report regarding some very poor behavior by Patton. Details escape me for now.

James

Here's some more Brookes Med Center officers I came to in a most bizzare way.
BK

SHRINER'S PARADE IN NEW ORLEANS

SHRINER'S CIRCUS IN NEW ORLEANS "It will happen after the Shriner's circus comes to New Orleans." – Dr./Col. Jose Rivera.

After I began to take Adele Edisen seriously, and closer examine her story, I broke up various aspects of her conversations with Dr. Rivera into SERIALS – to see if they could be checked out. A few of them seemed easy, others more difficult, but hints and clues that latched onto something real that could be verified.

For instance, [SERIAL # 6 ] Edisen quoted Rivera as saying: "We'll have him go to the library and read up on all of the great assassins in history."

The list of books Oswald checked out of the New Orleans Public Library was not classified, and from what I've seen of the list, though I might not have the complete list, there aren't any books on assassination that I could find in a quick perusal. There are however, some interesting authors – Aldus Huxley, Ian Fleming, science fiction and spys, but nothing about assassins.

In the course of reading the Secret Service Exceptional Case Study Project (ECSP) it is interesting to note that in the course of attempting to profile and manage potential assassins that come to their attention, they list Questions to Ask in a Threat Assessment: "Has the subject shown an interest in any of the following? – Assassins or assassination. Weapons (including recent acquisition of a weapon. Militant or radical ideas/groups. Murders, murderers, mass murderers, and workplace violence and stalking incidents."

Now SERIAL # 6, reading up on assassins in history, was the first part of Adele Edisen's story that didn't check out, so far, and it is a peculiar one.

All of the significant SERIALS do check out while one seemingly insignificant one does not.

I thought an even more bizarre quote Edisen attributes to Rivera is: "It will happen after the Shriner's circus comes to New Orleans."

Now I've since learned that the Shriner's Circus does come to New Orleans every November, and it is apparently a big social occasion. I also have a list of the organizations that Dr. Jose Rivera was a member of, which includes the Shriners.

Now the Shriners that I knew, who put on funny costumes and hats and rode small poneys and golf carts on Atlantic City boardwalk parades, and seemed to be a big party fraternity, the kind that got drunk and put lamp shades on their heads.

So it was with some interest that I somehow, quite miraculously came into possession of a pulp paperback book, "Parade To Glory – The Shriners – and their Caravan to Destiny" by Fred Van Deventer ( Pyramid Books, N.Y., 1964);

p. 275:

"It was even possible that Governor Earl Warren (later to become Chief Justice

of the United States) served as prophet when he welcomed the Imperial Council

representatives to California, by declaring that America is a fraternal nation.

'It is,' he said, 'a land of fraternities, and one of the greatest is the Shrine

of North America. Nations across the waters do not understand this phase of or

national life….I wish all the world could absorb this fraternal spirit and put

it to work. It is all that is necessary to solve the most troublesome problems

of our turbulent times…..If the world would adopt the same attitude towards the

poor, the weak and the under-privileged that the Shrine has maintained toward

the crippled children of North America, without regard to race, creed or color,

it would dispel most of the darkness around us. There is no gloom that cannot be

driven out by the sunshine of the Shrine.'"

p.296:


"Thus it was that it became apparent to him [Dr. Clayton F. Andrews] in the

decade of the fifties that while the hospitals had successfully and mercifully

treated thousands of children afflicted with orthopedic deformities, not much

use had ever been made of the wide background and knowledge obtained by the

hospitals and doctors from all of the successes and, of course, a few failures.



"During the decade, Dr. Guy A. Caldwell, professor of surgery at

Tulane University in New Orleans, had become chief of the advisory board of

orthopedic surgeons, and as Dr. Andrews moved up the line became friendly with

him. And so it was that at the mid-winter meeting of the Board of Trustees of

the hospitals at the Astor Hotel in New York in January of 1958, Dr. Andrews

presented Dr. Caldwell to make a long and detailed speech on the value that

could be obtained from all of the hospital records if the board would approve a

program of clinical research."

p. 298:


"Dr. Andrews conceded in the discussion that his program of clinical

research would not need all of the funds the hospital corporation had available

for research, and [Imperial Sir Marshall M.] Porter replied that side by side

with the program of clinical research, the Shriners should explore some other

field that bears some relation to the overall picture of the Shriners Hosptial

for Crippled Children. But what field? No one knew."



"In Atlantic City that July of 1959, Dr. Andrews became the Imperial

Potentate. Together with the manifold duties of his office, he continued to

watch over his research project. Seminars for surgeons were conducted. Experts

devised the punch-card IBM program, and in Washington, Chief Counsel Bob Smith

picked up the telephone in his office and put through a call to the United

States Army Medical Research Command."



"At some unrecorded date in the spring of 1958, Smith had discussed

with some of the top medical brass of the Army, Navy and Airforce what the

Shrine might do in the field of medical research to help humanity in general,

and children in particular. And Army records reveal that a number of projects

were suggested, but Colonel Frederick Timmerman, deputy to Brigadier General

Joseph McNinch in command of the Army medical research, recalls that he had

become convinced, and told Smith, that the greatest single medical need in North

America was some facility for the treatment of major burns and research and

teaching projects connected with them."



"While Smith had all of the suggestions in hand when he went to

Atlantic City, there is no recorded evidence that he offered them to the

trustees, but it is likely that he talked about them behind closed doors, for

after that session was concluded he immediately asked the Army's medical

research command if they would stage a seminar on burns for the Shrine's

leadership. They would and did on August 24 and 25….The Army doctors did a bang

up job of showing them the need for burn research. They went into every phase of

their own research programs. Colonel Edward H. Vogel, Jr., the commanding

officer of the Army medical research unit at Brooke Army Medical Center at San

Antonio, Texas, who was in charge of the only burn research center in the United

States, was particularly impressive with a movie and slide presentation of the

work his unit was doing."



"But all of the military men said there was so much more to be done,

particularly among civilians; and among civilians, particularly children, for

burns were one of the great scourges of childhood."



"In January of 1960, at the mid-winter meeting of the Board of

Trustees in New Orleans, there was no doubt of the enthusiasm that had been

generated…., but Caldwell cautioned that so far it was just something for the

board to think about, and that the entire matter for the time being should be

held confidential among themselves."



"But the spark had begun to ignite into flame, and by the time the

trustees met prior to the Denver Convention, it had grown into a bright blaze,

and they unanimously approved a resolution that Chairman Calhoun should appoint

a burns committee that would make extensive investigations into a burns

treatment and research program for children and report to the mid-winter meeting

in Las Vegas, Nevada, the following January…"



"The committee wasted no time. They quickly called into consultation

the doctors, the lawyers and the builders. The doctors and the committee visited

at the Brooke Army Medical Center. So did the Shrine's architects so that they

might report on just what would be involved structurally if a burns program was

finally approved. The lawyers investigated the legal feasibility of the COLORADO

CORPORATION entering into such a program, and they quickly discovered from a

search of the records that Shriners Hospitals for Crippled Children had been

treating burns cases of children for years because burns created orthopedic

problems. The Surgical Advisory Board was unanimous in its opinion that while

burns created problems other than orthopedic, certainly burn cases were

orthopedic in character because bone and muscle contractures."



"Progress was being made by the committee, but it was slow work for

there were so few people to advise. They had talked, of course, with Colonel

Vogel in San Antonio and with Dr. Truman Blocker, another former Army burn

specialist, and now a professor of surgery at the University of Texas Medical

School in Galveston. Dr. Blocker and Dr. Vogel also recommended that they talk

with Dr. Curtis P. Artz, associate professor of surgery at the University of

Mississippi, who as an Army colonel had originally set up the Brooke burns

program."



"At the Imperial session in Miami in July, 1961, the burns committee

was able to make an interim report, but they were not quite ready to formalize a

program. There was still much work to do. Dr. Caldwell needed to talk with the

deans of important medical schools, so that when a program would be formally

introduced there would be no doubt of its final passage. The delay in Miami was

brought on largely through the death of [Council] Bob Smith in Boston on May 12,

1961 of a heart attack. He was visiting Robert Gardner Wilson in connection with

his activities on behalf of the proposed burns institutes..."



"Galloway Calhoun, who had lived most of his life at the center of drama, died

the same way as he addressed the 90th annual conclave of the Knights Templar of

Arkansas on the evening of April 16, 1962….Past Imperial Potentate [ Thomas C.]

Law died three weeks later on May 4, 1962, in a private hospital in Atlanta, and

thus three men who had had so much to do with the Shrine's hoped-for new

philanthropy were not present when the Shriners began to arrive in Toronto on

June 30."



"Dr. Caldwell returned to tell the Shriners that as projected, the burns

institutes would provide three things – 1. immediate treatment for burned

children, treatment within 48 hours, which would require in many cases air

travel for the patient; 2. total burn research in laboratories in each

institute, which would be located on or adjacent to campuses of outstanding

medical universities where vast facilities for treatments associated with burns

would be available; and 3. the creation of programs for the teaching of teams of

burn doctors and technicians, which could then take to all America training

programs for other teams to be created."

p. 309:


"In the end, the committee chose the Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts

General Hospital; the University of Texas Medical School Branch at Galveston,

Texas; and the University of Cincinnati Medical School and University Hospital.

The first institute to begin actual construction was that at Galveston, Texas,

where Imperial Potentate Howard C. Close broke ground on June 23, 1964.



THE PARADE

p.310:



"'Accompanied by 50 brass bands, some 500 horses, and at least two camels, the

Shriners swarmed into Manhattan 150,000 strong, occupied 85 hotels and motor

inns, added to the traffic jams, monopolized sidewalks, held seven-hour-long

parades and displayed a keen group sense of humor in a thousand hilarious ways,

including occasionally entangling innocent natives in loops of invisible thread.

They wore red fezzes, red and green floppy harem trousers, and red-embroidered

jackets and looked like wandering extras from 'The Forty Days of Musa Dagh,'

They were the respectable and respected members of the Ancient Arabic Order

Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. As representatives of an organization forthrightly

dedicated to whoopee in a good cause, the Shriners are pranksters by

profession….'"



p.311-312:



"Equally important, among his [O.Carlyle Brock's] first messages to

temples was that he wanted Shrine units to make every public appearance possible

so that the general public might know that Shriners, playing at Moslems and

Infidels, are dedicated Masons, actively working at and contributing to the

welfare of those less fortunate. Moreover, he wanted the public to know that in

their antics and demonstrations, they still lived within the code, as William B.

Melish put it in 1892:

'Pleasure without intemperance, hospitality without rudeness and jollity without

coarseness.'"

Dr. Guy A. Caldwell - Tulane
Galloway Calhoun - Arkansas
Thomas C. Law - RIP May 4, 1962
Robert Bob Smith - DC RIP Boston - May 12, 1961 USA Med Research Command
Dr. Clayton F. Andrews
Robert Gardner Wilson
Marshal M. Porter
Col. Frederick Timmerman
Brig. Gen. Joseph McNinch
Col. Ed H. Vogel, Jr.
Dr. Truman Blocker
Dr. Curtis P. Artz

If anybody has or can get a make on any of these guys I'd appreciate any additional information on them.

- By Bill Kelly

TULANE University – U.S. Army Research Grants -



The U.S. Army Inspector General’s Report on the Use of Human Subjects in Chemical Agent Research. 21 July, 1975. p.160 :



“In 1955 an Army grant (DA18-108-CML-5596) was provided to Tulane University, Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, for research in abnormal brain functioning as related to mental illness. The few Army records available regarding the experiments conducted under the terms of the Army grant revealed that mental patients, normal volunteers and neurological patients were used by the Tulane medical investigators. The actual terms of the grant were not found and therefore no determination was made concerning the grantees’ compliance with Department of the Army policies nor could any judgment be made as to the quality of consent rendered by the patients. One particular experiment involved giving LSD and mescaline to mental patients who previously had wire electrodes implanted in their brains. Reports indicated that the research group believed that a basic biochemical abnormality was responsible for the bizarre behavior demonstrated by many psycholotic patients; and that the wired electrodes served a twofold purpose: to record electrical abnormalities in patients’ brains, and to stimulate patients brains in hope of curing or ameliorating the patients’ problem. The reports suggested that the implantation of electrodes was financed under a grant from the COMMONWEALTH FOUNDATION and not the Army grant. Finally, it was not clear what the Chemical Corps interest in the experiments were at the time, although, it was surmised that their interest did not go beyond gathering evidence of the effects of LSD and mescaline in humans. Some evidence was lent to that belief by the reports provided the Chemical Corps, which did not discuss the implantation procedures, purposes or effect; rather they stressed the effects of the drugs.”



Footnote #18, Chapter 10: “Department of the Army, office of the Surgeon General Memorandum, subject: Review of Reports on Department of the Army Grant, DA 18-108-CML 5596, to the Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Tulane University, 1955-59 – Information Memorandum, dated 22 August 1975.

According to Ed Haslam (Dr. Mary's Monkey) Rivera sat on the National Institute of Health Board of Directors. A fellow director in the early 1960s was Alton Ochsner. In 1963 Rivera was in New Orleans handing out research grants from NIH to the Tulane Medical School. This seems to support Adele Edison's story about Rivera knowing Lee Harvey Oswald's phone number in New Orleans before he arrived in the city.

It seems that a list of veterans with files at the NPRC include one on Rivera that describes him as one of the doctors who performed the autopsy on JFK at Bethesda.

While that appears to be grossley inaccurate, there may be reason to believe that Rivera was present at the autopsy.

BK

Mike Ravnitzky, who has worked with FOIA records in the past, located this list of people associated witht the assassination of JFK among the files of the National Personnel Records Center - Military Personnel Records Office.

http://educationforum.ipbhost.com/index.php?showtopic=13078

SELECTED MILITARY SERVICE FILES AT THE NATIONAL PERSONNEL RECORDS CENTER -
MILITARY PERSONNEL RECORDS OFFICE
By Michael Ravnitzky

Note: the V files are Vault Files belonging to persons of note.

MR: I took the descriptions word for word from the NPRC descriptions from their
V-Files Listing. Any errors are theirs. I acknowledge that
unfortunately I am not well versed in the details of the JFK and MLK
assassinations. I should have had a caveat on those descriptions.
Sorry about that.My primary purpose was not to describe the people
but to encourage someone to get hold of their military files.


BK: Among those on the list is Jose A. Rivera, who is misidentified as "one of hte doctors who performed the autopsy on President John F. Kennedy after the assassination..."


Jose A. Rivera, service number 513618, One of the doctors who performed the
autopsy on President John F. Kennedy after the assassination. File reviewed
by Assassination Records Review Board 1995. Vault Service File V2308

Adele Edisen compared these numbers with the records reviewed by the ARRB and they match to the Dr./Col. Jose Rivera, of NIH who supervised Adele's research project and asked her to call LHO in New Orleans in April, 1963.

Adele notes, "Rivera was not an MD, as far as I know. He was a glorified lab technician in bacteriology and infectious diseases and headed Army bacteria labs and worked in Biowarfare with a Top Security clearance with Dr. Carl Lamanna, Army specialist in Biowarfare. He managed to get a Ph.D degree in Biology in 1972 or 1973, just before he retired from NIH."

The military file on Jose A. Rivera obtained by Doug Horne and ARRB was incomplete, and additional parts of his military file might indicate that he did attend the autopsy, at least as an observer in the gallery. Rivera did live in Bathesda, Md., had an office there, and could have attended the autopsy, though its apparent these records are misidentified, at least in regards to Rivara.

The list is interesting however, and if they isolated these records for whatever reason, they should be looked into.

BK

The concern Peter, is that when that final piece of the puzzle clarifies, it will very likely be too late to stop the beast of fascism manifesting again.

**************************************************************
"My, my are we all as cynical as I?!"

"The power of accurate observation is commonly called cynicism by those who have not got it."
George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950) Irish writer.

******************************************

My, my are we all as cynical as I?!

As well as:

"Cynicism is an unpleasant way of saying the truth."
- Lillian Hellman

SUMMARY OF KNOWN FACTS REGARDING DR. JOSE RIVERA

Jose A.Rivera was a naturalized citizen, born in either Lima, Peru, or San Juan, Puerto Rico (both birth places given in U.S. government documents, as are several different birth dates, ranging from February 6, 1905-1911. He died in 1989.). He was in the US. Army, 1943-1957 and US. Army Reserves, unti11965, Military Service Number: 05 13 618; served in the European Theater of War, 1943-1946; was stationed at Fort Detrick, Maryland, US. Army Chemical Corps, had SECRET Clearance, worked under Dr. Carl Lamanna, bacteriologist, 1947-1948; Stationed in Japan and Korea, 1950-1954; Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, 1954-1957; Loyola University, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1959-1961; Naval Biological Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, had TOP SECRET classification work under Dr. Carl Lamanna again, 1959-1961. National Institute ofNeurological Disease and Blindness, National Institutes ofHealth, Bethesda, Maryland, Science Administrator, 1961-1973 (?) uncertain ofexact retirement date here.

Adele Edison first met him in April of 1963 while attending scientific meetings in Atlantic City, New Jersey (Federation of American Societies ofExperimental Biology -FASEB). She was a Postdoctoral Fellow ofthe National Institute ofNeurological Diseases and Blindness-NIH at that time. Rivera was an administrator in the same Institute as a member of the Section on Training Grants and Awards. He had previously informed Dr. Sidney Harris, Chairman ofthe Department ofPhysiology, Louisiana State University School ofMedicine, that Adele Edison had been awarded the fellowship to work in the department.

*Birth dates: February 6, 1905-1912 (range).

*US. Army: 1943-1957; Army Reserve unti11965. Military Service Number: 0513 618. *European Theater of War: 1943-1946. *Stationed at Fort Detrick, Maryland, U.S. Army Chemical Corps, had SECRET Clearance,

worked under Dr. Carl Lamanna, bacteriologist: 1947-1948. *Stationed in Japan and Korea: 1950-1954. *Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas: 1954-1957. *Loyola University, New Orleans, Louisiana: 1959-1961. *Naval Biological Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California,

had TOP SECRET classification working under Dr. Carl Lamanna again: 1959-1961. *National Institute ofNeurological Disease and Blindness, National Institutes ofHealth,

Bethesda, Maryland, Science Administrator: 1961-1973 (?) uncertain of exact retirement date here. *Social Security Number 214-28-5673.

He was a naturalized citizen. Claimed two birth places -Lima, Peru, and San Juan, Puerto Rico. Graduated Lima High School in 1925. Graduated St. John's University Brooklyn, New York with B.S. degree in 1934.

-----._-----------

Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas, M.S. degree in 1956. Catholic University, Washington, D.C., listed as candidate for Ph.D. in Biology.

Dr. Carl Lamanna worked on botulinus organisms and anthrax, according to published scientific papers. He apparently was involved in biowarfare research during World· War II and after.

Image posted for Bill Kelly.

James

[quote name='James Richards' post='149486' date='Jul 11 2008, 06:17 AM']Image posted for Bill Kelly.

Thanks James, This is a photo of Dr. Jose Rivera and two military officers.

I was wondering if it would be possible to identify the two military men? -BK

Also, is the insignia on the shoulder of the officer on the right a 6th US Army patch?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixth_United_States_Army

xx



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:US_Sixth_Army_patch.svg

Dr. Carl Lamanna was Dr./Col. Jose Rivera's superior officer who arranged for him to have the security clearance at Fort Detrick, Maryland.

The photo James Posted above is of Rivera and two other officers he seems to be trying to impress.

While I can't say where the photo comes from at this point, I think it is possible to ID those two officers and see what relation they have to Rivera and Lamanna.

Can anyone tell me what rank these officers are? Captains? Colonels?

The unit patch on the left shoulder of the officer on the right appears to be the insignia of the US Sixth Army, which was in the South Pacific during WWII and is HQ was at Presidio, California, near San Francisco.

That's where Lamanna and Rivera were both stationed for a short period of time, as oppossed to the seven or eight years Rivera spent at Brooks Army Hospital in Texas.

The Bio Weapons facility at Presidio in the late 50s, when they were there, was operated, I believe, by the NAVY. Lamanna and Rivera were there at the same time LHO was in San Diego in USMC.

Lamanna has written medical textbooks that are still in use today, and did experiments with Anthrax.

It's possible that while with the 6th Army, Rivera got to meet Shiro Ishii, of Japanese Bio War Unit 731, who some say was the real Dr. No.

There's a reference in a British publicaiton that Siro Ishii was brought to the USA, Maryland in particular, where Fort Detrick is located, and Rivera may have had some interactions with the Japanese Paperclip.

If the officers in the photo with Rivera are officers in the 6th Army, and were involved in the capture and interrogation and payoff of Shiro Ishii, then that narrows it down a lot.

Follow me?

BK

Jim,

If you look at the USAMRIID Blue Book, Medical Management of Biological Casualities Handook - It says:

http://usamriid.detrick.army.mil/education...h%20Edition.pdf

In 1943, the U.S. began its own research and development program in the use of biological agents for offensive purposes. Similar programs existed in Canada, the United Kingdom (UK), and probably several other countries. This work was started, interestingly enough, in response to a perceived German BW threat as opposed to a Japanese one. The U.S. research program was headquartered at Camp Detrick (now Fort Detrick), which was a small National Guard airfield before that time, and produced agents and conducted field testing at other sites until 1969, when President Nixon stopped all offensive biological and toxin weapon research and production by executive order.

Jim,

If you look at the USAMRIID Blue Book, Medical Management of Biological Casualities Handook - It says:

http://usamriid.detrick.army.mil/education...h%20Edition.pdf

In 1943, the U.S. began its own research and development program in the use of biological agents for offensive purposes. Similar programs existed in Canada, the United Kingdom (UK), and probably several other countries. This work was started, interestingly enough, in response to a perceived German BW threat as opposed to a Japanese one. The U.S. research program was headquartered at Camp Detrick (now Fort Detrick), which was a small National Guard airfield before that time, and produced agents and conducted field testing at other sites until 1969, when President Nixon stopped all offensive biological and toxin weapon research and production by executive order.

Bill,

I don't think the insignia is from the Sixth United States Army. Their's is a 6 pointed star and the one in the photo is five. It does however resemble the shoulder insignia worn by the 122nd Army Reserve Command but the quality is poor so it is difficult to tell.

As to the officers, the guy on the left bears some resemblance to Lt. Col. Frank Glenn who was a consultant in surgery for the Sixth U.S. Army.

The guy on the right looks a bit like William Amspacher.

These are only guesses on my part and I may be way off the mark.

Cheers,

James

Thanks for that Peter,

I had missed that one.

That's the first photo I've seen of Lamanna.

There's also a Col. F. Freese of DOD in the picture.
Could that be the officer in the glasses to left of Rivera?

If you want to look into this further, this photo brings to mind a few things:
1) the AF tech who worked with astronaut training and tried to warn John Glenn about Northwoods and they were going to kill JFK.
2) that LBJ was in charge of NASA.
3) that Rivera was stationed at Brookes Army Hospital, where JFK visited on 11/21/63
4) the Brookes childrens burn unit - sponsored by Rivera's Masonic Lodge.

And James, William H. Amspacher is certainly a candidate.

BK

Thanks JR,

Make that a five point star and a match with the US Army Service Forces, WWII, which narrows our search down to the life of that unit, thanks to Wiki - (can we depend on Wiki for this?)

If true, that narrows it down to one third of the US Army during WWII, six "Technical Services" found themselves in the USASF - including two specific - Chemical Warfare Service and Medical Department, which narrows it down time wise and unit wise to those two units.

The Executive Order creating this unit remained in effect until six months after the end of WWII.

I think we can have consensus agreement that the military arm patch of the officer in the photo with Rivera is identical Army Service Forces patch here:

http://cgi.ebay.com/-ORIGINAL-ARMY-SERVICE...807081569r27764

http://www.vetshome.com/military_army_forc...s_history_1.htm
DA Staff Support Warn from 11 March 1942 - 17 June 1946
Re-designated: Technical and Administrative Services - 1948
Dept. of the Army Staff Support - Oct. 1950 - Current

From Wiki:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Service_Forces

The Army Service Forces was one of the three autonomous components of the Army of the United States during World War II, the others being the Army Air Forces and Army Ground Forces. It was created on February 28, 1942 by Executive Order Number 9082 "Reorganizing the Army and the War Department" [1], and War Department Circular No.59, dated March 2, 1942.

In March 1942, there was a sweeping reorganization of the Army. This was the result of dissatisfaction with the existing structure, with the Army Air Forces in particular seeking greater autonomy. However, the main driver was the Chief of Staff, who felt overwhelmed by the large number of officers and agencies — at least 61 — with direct access to him.

The Chief of Staff wanted no more than three commands reporting to him, so everything which did not fit into the Army Ground Forces or Army Air Forces became part of the Services of Supply, which was renamed the Army Service Forces on 12 March 1943, as it was felt that the term 'supply' did not accurately describe its broad range of activities.

Army Service Forces brought together elements of five different components of the Army: elements of the War Department General Staff, especially its G-4 component; the Office of the Under Secretary of War; the eight administrative bureaux; the nine corps areas, which became the service commands; and the six supply arms and services, which became known as the technical services.

Six Technical Services found themselves part of Army Service Forces when it was formed in 1942: the Corps of Engineers, Signal Corps, Ordnance Department, Quartermaster Corps, Chemical Warfare Service and Medical Department. A seventh technical service, the Transportation Corps was established as the Transportation Division 28 February 1942 under Executive Order 9082. It was renamed the Transportation Service in April 1942 and became a corps in its own right on 31 July 1942. The Transportation Corps took over control of the ports of embarkation, regulating points and railways.

Unlike the chiefs of the combat arms, who had their offices abolished and their authority transferred to the Chief of Army Ground Forces, neither the duties nor the structure of the technical services was altered by their becoming part of the Army Service Forces, but their status changed, and the chiefs no longer had direct access to the Chief of Staff or the Secretary of War.

Each of the Technical Services ran its own procurement and field depots.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Service_Forces"Categories: United States Army | Military units and formations of the United States Army

http://www.maryferrell.org/mffweb/archive/...ult&id=8112
Record:ROBINSON, PHILIP A.Sources:FBI 105-15291-164Mary's
Comments:Wrote letter to Colonel John Glenn of Ohio, dated Oct 26, 1970, re conversation in elevator at Lackland A.F.B. Hospital Aug 2, 1961, when Robinson claimed to have information about an attempt to assassinate Pres. Kennedy. Glenn did not remember conversation but verified that he could have been there in Aug. 1961.


JOHN ROBERT GLENN
HCUA Hearings: 10/16/63 & 11/18/63 DOB: 7/26/29. POB: Evanston, Illinois. Wife: Marcia Haag Glenn. Member FPCC. Traveled to Cuba in July 1963 without passport. Studied Russian 5 years. AirGLENN, JOHN ROBERTSources:HCUA Hearings: 10/16/63 & 11/18/63Mary's

Comments:DOB: 7/26/29. POB: Evanston, Illinois. Wife: Marcia Haag Glenn. Member FPCC. Traveled to Cuba in July 1963 without passport. Studied Russian 5 years. Air Force Intelligence with Crypto Clearance and Top Secret Clearance. State Department paid his way back from Spain (??). Testified before HCUA on 11/18/63. Glenn and Lee Harvey Oswald purchased almost identical material (Internationale, etc.) from Pioneer Publishers, 116 University Place, New York, NY.

http://www.jfklibrary.org/Search.htm?q=Whi...45&btnG.y=7
The White House Diary
Thursday Nov. 21 - 1963
Dedication of the Aerospace Medical Health Center
Brooks AFB, San Antonio, Tx

"It will happen after the Shriner's circus comes to New Orleans." – Dr./Col. Jose Rivera.

SHRINER'S CIRCUS IN NEW ORLEANS - By Bill Kelly


After I began to take Adele Edisen seriously, in order to examine her story closer I broke up various aspects of her conversations with Dr. Rivera into SERIALS – to see if they could be checked out. A few of them seemed easy, others more difficult, but hints and clues that latched onto something real that could be verified.

For instance, [SERIAL # 6 ] Rivera said, "We'll have him go to the library and read up on all of the great assassins in history."

The list of books Oswald checked out of the New Orleans Public Library was not classified, and included a book about the murder of Huey Long.

In the course of reading the Secret Service Exceptional Case Study Project (ECSP) it is interesting to note that in the course of attempting to profile and manage potential assassins that come to their attention, they list Questions to Ask in a Threat Assessment: "Has the subject shown an interest in any of the following? – Assassins or assassination. Weapons (including recent acquisition of a weapon. Militant or radical ideas/groups. Murders, murderers, mass murderers, and workplace violence and stalking incidents."


One of the more bizzare quotes attributed to Rivera is: "It will happen after the Shriner's circus comes to New Orleans."

Now I've since learned that the Shriner's Circus does come to New Orleans every November, and it is apparently a big social occasion. I also have a list of the organizations that Dr. Jose River was a member of, including the Shriners.

So it was with some interest that I somehow, quite miraculously came into possession of a pulp paperback book, "Parade To Glory – The Shriners – and their Caravan to Destiny" by Fred Van Deventer ( Pyramid Books, N.Y., 1964); in which it is noted (p. 275):

"It was even possible that Governor Earl Warren (later to become Chief Justice of the United States) served as prophet when he welcomed the Imperial Council representatives to California, by declaring that America is a fraternal nation. 'It is,' he said, 'a land of fraternities, and one of the greatest is the Shrine of North America. Nations across the waters do not understand this phase of or national life….I wish all the world could absorb this fraternal spirit and put it to work. It is all that is necessary to solve the most troublesome problems of our turbulent times…..If the world would adopt the same attitude towards the poor, the weak and the under-privileged that the Shrine has maintained toward the crippled children of North America, without regard to race, creed or color, it would dispel most of the darkness around us. There is no gloom that cannot be driven out by the sunshine of the Shrine.'"

p.296:

"Thus it was that it became apparent to him [Dr. Clayton F. Andrews] in the decade of the fifties that while the hospitals had successfully and mercifully treated thousands of children afflicted with orthopedic deformities, not much use had ever been made of the wide background and knowledge obtained by the hospitals and doctors from all of the successes and, of course, a few failures.

"During the decade, Dr. Guy A. Caldwell, professor of surgery at Tulane University in New Orleans, had become chief of the advisory board of orthopedic surgeons, and as Dr. Andrews moved up the line became friendly with him. And so it was that at the mid-winter meeting of the Board of Trustees of the hospitals at the Astor Hotel in New York in January of 1958, Dr. Andrews presented Dr. Caldwell to make a long and detailed speech on the value that could be obtained from all of the hospital records if the board would approve a program of clinical research."

p. 298:
"Dr. Andrews conceded in the discussion that his program of clinical research would not need all of the funds the hospital corporation had available for research, and [Imperial Sir Marshall M.] Porter replied that side by side with the program of clinical research, the Shriners should explore some other field that bears some relation to the overall picture of the Shriners Hosptial for Crippled Children. But what field? No one knew."

"In Atlantic City that July of 1959, Dr. Andrews became the Imperial Potentate. Together with the manifold duties of his office, he continued to watch over his research project. Seminars for surgeons were conducted. Experts devised the punch-card IBM program, and in Washington, Chief Counsel Bob Smith picked up the telephone in his office and put through a call to the United States Army Medical Research Command."

"At some unrecorded date in the spring of 1958, Smith had discussed with some of the top medical brass of the Army, Navy and Airforce what the Shrine might do in the field of medical research to help humanity in general, and children in particular. And Army records reveal that a number of projects were suggested, but Colonel Frederick Timmerman, deputy to Brigadier General Joseph McNinch in command of the Army medical research, recalls that he had become convinced, and told Smith, that the greatest single medical need in North America was some facility for the treatment of major burns and research and teaching projects connected with them."

"While Smith had all of the suggestions in hand when he went to Atlantic City, there is no recorded evidence that he offered them to the trustees, but it is likely that he talked about them behind closed doors, for after that session was concluded he immediately asked the Army's medical research command if they would stage a seminar on burns for the Shrine's leadership. They would and did on August 24 and 25….The Army doctors did a bang up job of showing them the need for burn research. They went into every phase of their own research programs. Colonel Edward H. Vogel, Jr., the commanding officer of the Army medical research unit at Brooke Army Medical Center at San Antonio, Texas, who was in charge of the only burn research center in the United States, was particularly impressive with a movie and slide presentation of the work his unit was doing."

"But all of the military men said there was so much more to be done, particularly among civilians; and among civilians, particularly children, for burns were one of the great scourges of childhood."

"In January of 1960, at the mid-winter meeting of the Board of Trustees in New Orleans, there was no doubt of the enthusiasm that had been generated…., but Caldwell cautioned that so far it was just something for the board to think about, and that the entire matter for the time being should be held confidential among themselves."

"But the spark had begun to ignite into flame, and by the time the trustees met prior to the Denver Convention, it had grown into a bright blaze, and they unanimously approved a resolution that Chairman Calhoun should appoint a burns committee that would make extensive investigations into a burns treatment and research program for children and report to the mid-winter meeting in Las Vegas, Nevada, the following January…"

"The committee wasted no time. They quickly called into consultation the doctors, the lawyers and the builders. The doctors and the committee visited at the Brooke Army Medical Center. So did the Shrine's architects so that they might report on just what would be involved structurally if a burns program was finally approved. The lawyers investigated the legal feasibility of the COLORADO CORPORATION entering into such a program, and they quickly discovered from a search of the records that Shriners Hospitals for Crippled Children had been treating burns cases of children for years because burns created orthopedic problems. The Surgical Advisory Board was unanimous in its opinion that while burns created problems other than orthopedic, certainly burn cases were orthopedic in character because bone and muscle contractures."

"Progress was being made by the committee, but it was slow work for there were so few people to advise. They had talked, of course, with Colonel Vogel in San Antoniio and with Dr. Truman Blocker, another former Army burn specialist, and now a professor of surgery at the University of Texas Medical School in Galveston. Dr. Blocker and Dr. Vogel also recommended that they talk with Dr. Curtis P. Artz, associate professor of surgery at the University of Mississippi, who as an Army colonel had originally set up the Brooke burns program."

"At the Imperial session in Miami in July, 1961, the burns committee was able to make an interim report, but they were not quite ready to formalize a program. There was still much work to do. Dr. Caldwell needed to talk with the deans of important medical schools, so that when a program would be formally introduced there would be no doubt of its final passage. The delay in Miami was brought on largely through the death of [Council] Bob Smith in Boston on May 12, 1961 of a heart attack. He was visiting Robert Gardner Wilson in connection with his activities on behalf of the proposed burns institutes..."

"Galloway Calhoun, who had lived most of his life at the center of drama, died the same way as he addressed the 90^th annual conclave of the Knights Templar of Arkansas on the evening of April 16, 1962….Past Imperial Potentate [ Thomas C.] Law died three weeks later on May 4, 1962, in a private hospital in Atlanta, and thus three men who had had so much to do with the Shrine's hoped-for new philanthropy were not present when the Shriners began to arrive in Toronto on June 30."

"Dr. Caldwell returned to tell the Shriners that as projected, the burns institutes would provide three things – 1. immediate treatment for burned children, treatment within 48 hours, which would require in many cases air travel for the patient; 2. total burn research in laboratories in each institute, which would be located on or adjacent to campuses of outstanding medical universities where vast facilities for treatments associated with burns would be available; and 3. the creation of programs for the teaching of teams of burn doctors and technicians, which could then take to all America training programs for other teams to be created." [/size]

p. 309:

[size="3"]"In the end, the committee chose the Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital; the University of Texas Medical School Branch at Galveston, Texas; and the University of Cincinnati Medical School and University Hospital. The first institute to begin actual construction was that at Galveston, Texas, where Imperial Potentate Howard C. Close broke ground on June 23, 1964.

THE PARADE

"'Accompanied by 50 brass bands, some 500 horses, and at least two camels, the Shriners swarmed into Manhattan 150,000 strong, occupied 85 hotels and motor inns, added to the traffic jams, monopolized sidewalks, held seven-hour-long parades and displayed a keen group sense of humor in a thousand hilarious ways, including occasionally entangling innocent natives in loops of invisible thread. They wore red fezzes, red and green floppy harem trousers, and red-embroidered jackets and looked like wandering extras from 'The Forty Days of Musa Dagh,' They were the respectable and respected members of the Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. As representatives of an organization forthrightly dedicated to whoopee in a good cause, the Shriners are pranksters by profession….'" p.310.

p.311-312:

"Equally important, among his [O.Carlyle Brock's] first messages to temples was that he wanted Shrine units to make every public appearance possible so that the general public might know that Shriners, playing at Moslems and Infidels, are dedicated Masons, actively working at and contributing to the welfare of those less fortunate. Moreover, he wanted the public to know that in their antics and demonstrations, they still lived within the code, as William B. Melish put it in 1892:

'Pleasure without intemperance, hospitality without rudeness and jollity without coarseness.'"

More on Dr. Guy Alvin Caldwell - Tulane -

I particularly like the part about Camp Plauche - former POW camp?


http://www.ochsnerjournal.org/perlserv/?re...CO%3B2&ct=1
Hector O. Ventura, MD

Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Cardiology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA

Table of Contents:

• <A href="http://www.ochsnerjournal.org/perlserv/?SESSID=3b35c693a8dba997be0420891c04579b&request=get-document&doi=10.1043%2F1524-5012(2002)004%5B0112%3AGACMPA%5D2.0.CO%3B2#toclink1">Life and Medical Career
• Character
• The Ochsner Clinic
• The Legacy
• Cohesion
• Acknowledgments
• References
• Figures

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• Hector O. Ventura

In 1938, Alton Ochsner hired Guy Alvin Caldwell as a professor of Orthopedics at Tulane University School of Medicine. An accomplished orthopedist, Dr. Caldwell had developed surgical treatments that allowed crippled children to run and play. His hiring moved the imminent organization of the Ochsner Clinic a large step forward (1). Dr. Caldwell believed in the concept of group practice and became interested in creating a clinic in New Orleans. When he mentioned his idea to Dr. Ochsner, who had also been thinking about organizing a local clinic, Dr. Ochsner answered with his characteristic enthusiasm, “Guy, that's what I've been dreaming about. We've got to do it. Why don't you keep working on it?” (2).

The eldest of the Ochsner Clinic founders, Dr. Caldwell had a great understanding of medical administration and had a clear vision of what the Ochsner Clinic should become. During World War I, while an adjutant of his medical unit, he also served as the manager of an army hospital (3). Upon returning to Atlanta after the war, he served double-duty as an assistant administrator of the Henry Grady Hospital and as an instructor in fractures at Emory University. In New Orleans, Guy Caldwell emerged as the administrative architect of the Ochsner institutions.


Life and Medical Career Return to TOC
Guy Alvin Caldwell was born on January 24, 1891, in Alcorn County, Mississippi. He earned his medical degree from the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1914. During World War I, he served as adjutant of his medical unit in France and, upon the end of the war, he returned to practice at Henry Grady Hospital in Atlanta and was named an instructor at Emory University (3, 4). In 1922, he relocated to Shreveport, Louisiana, where he was named the Chief of Surgery at the Shriners Hospital for Children and began his private practice in orthopedics. On a visit to Shreveport, Alton Ochsner was invited to make hospital rounds with Dr. Caldwell. Dr. Ochsner was very impressed with Caldwell's work and the two developed a close friendship.

When Dr. Ochsner hired Dr. Caldwell at Tulane University in 1938, he was able to continue his scientific and academic work, becoming one of the leading orthopedists in the country. Dr. Caldwell founded and led the Ochsner Clinic Department of Orthopedics. He later served as president of both the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons and the American Board of Orthopedic Surgery and was elected to the Council of Medical Education of the American Medical Association. In 1957, he retired from practice except for occasional consultations and became the full time medical director of the Ochsner Clinic. After a productive career spanning almost 7 decades as a surgeon and administrator, Dr. Caldwell passed away November 1, 1981.


Character Return to TOC
…A tall, erect man with the courtly manners of a southern planter, Caldwell exerted telling influence in partnership councils because he was the best informed of the founders and presented his views with both force and tact. He sometimes clashed with Edgar Burns, who had his own ideas about the way the clinic should be run. They might not speak to each other for a while, but eventually ruffled feelings would be mollified…. Subordinates found Caldwell formal and demanding, but they knew, too, he advocated good pay and working conditions for them, and they respected him…(3)

Frank Riddick, medical director of the Clinic from 1975 to 2001, and John Ray, former head of the Section on Colon and Rectal Surgery, recalled Guy Caldwell as a “Southern gentleman, an excellent physician with a great vision regarding the future of medicine and the Ochsner Clinic.”

Dr. Caldwell's grandson, Guy Alexander Caldwell, followed, as his grandfather did, the scientific path: he is an assistant professor of Biological Sciences at the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa. The son of Dr. Caldwell's only son, Marc Guy Caldwell, a successful artist and sculptor, Guy Alexander Caldwell, PhD grew up in New York City, but spent many summers in New Orleans in his grandfather's house and playing in Audubon Park. He also has fond memories of trips to Grand Isle during those summers. “[My grandfather] was very kind and nurturing. He had a calm intensity in his voice and was very helpful in instilling interest for my future career in science.” Dr. Caldwell also remembers his grandfather as “a great carpenter; he built the house in Grand Isle and also made many frames for my father's paintings.”


Letters from Grandfather to Grandson
Guy Alexander Caldwell, PhD was very kind to provide some excerpts of letters from his grandfather. Guy A. Caldwell, MD: age 88. The future Guy A. Caldwell, PhD: age 15…

February 6, 1978

Dear Guy,

This is my first attempt at writing for others to read (since falling ill). Do you consider yourself honored or dishonored?

I appreciate your very informative letter which gave me much needed information about your school work-and your many related activities. Remember not to spread yourself too thin!

I am sure you are tired of trying to ready my poor writing, but I wish you to know I love you and appreciate your letters.

Affectionately,

Grandaddy

Sept. 12, 1978

Already it seems a very long time since you were here beside my desk showing me your fine new typewriter. I am pleased that you are learning to type in the correct way. Believe it or not, I did a lot of typing of notes taken during lectures at the medical school and making typed copies which I sold to other students who preferred to review my notes before taking written monthly tests, etc. to attending the lectures and making their own notes. It was a hard way to earn a few dollars but I did quite a bit of such writing using an old, rusted typewriter and my own “hunt & peck” fingering. You can imagine how poor the results were. However, they were reasonable and my student friends bought them – and most passed their tests! Of course, I learned the notes “by heart” in writing them to sell to my classmates! It was all good fun. I kept the typed notes thinking I would possibly wish to refer to them later when I would be an intern in the hospital, but I never found much use for them!Enough of my experiences while a medical student, if you stick to your determination you will have your own experiences to relate to your grandson, and they will be very different experiences – but good typing ability will always be a handy asset!Affectionately,Grampy

November 7, 1978

“I am glad you take your participation in sports seriously, much as you do your studies. It makes you a better player, just as serious study makes a better student…Your school work average, about B, is not surprising in view of all the activities you take on – sooner or later you must learn your limitations and plan your activities accordingly – pardon me please – I did not intend to preach or sermon.”


Professor
After retiring as medical director of the Clinic. Dr. Caldwell kept a desk in the office of his successor, Dr. Merrill O. Hines, …whom he did not hesitate to second-guess. It was an uncomfortable situation for Hines. But years later, when he was near his 90th birthday, Caldwell came to the hospital in his wheelchair to apologize. He broke into tears as he told Hines how sorry he was that he had given the younger man such a hard time. Hines, embracing his former boss, assured him that he had only respect and affection for the man he had always called Professor” (3).


The Ochsner Clinic Return to TOC
Guy Alvin Caldwell played a key role in the founding and direction of the Ochsner Clinic. Of the five original founders, he had the greatest interest in medical administration and business management and became very involved with the fiscal affairs, staff activities, and negotiations of the Clinic.


Getting Started
It was through Caldwell that the founders were able to find the financial means to begin the Ochsner Clinic. One of Dr. Caldwell's patients was the wife of Rudolf S. Hecht, the Chairman of the Board of Hibernia National Bank (1). After many unsuccessful months of searching for a financial partner willing to take a risk on the five founding partners, Dr. Caldwell arranged a meeting between the chairman and Alton Ochsner. Dr. Ochsner told Mr. Hecht: “…Here we are at the gateway of Latin America…If we could have an institution here such as the one we are talking about, I think we could attract Latins.” Mr. Hecht listened, and then he said, “This is good; this is good for New Orleans, it's good for Louisiana, it's good for the South and good for the United States.” I said, “Yes, Mr Hecht, but we have no equity.” “Oh”, he said, “but you have your reputation.” Mr. Hecht arranged for the Hibernia bank to lend the partners up to half a million dollars on their signatures alone. Alton Ochsner once said, “If it had not been for Mr Hecht, this clinic never would have been. He took a chance. He is entirely responsible for the organization.”


The Hospital
In 1944, 2 years after opening the Ochsner Clinic, the original partners chartered the Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation to pursue medical education, research, and charity. The new Foundation needed a hospital facility in which to operate. Caldwell and the other founders explored several possibilities, including acquiring a hospital with Tulane and Touro Infirmary, but negotiations failed. Drs. Caldwell and Ochsner went as far as Washington DC to seek the advice of Basil McLean, former director of Touro Infirmary, who was a medical corps colonel serving as a consultant.

On October 26, 1946 the Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation acquired the military medical facility and former POW facility, Camp Plauche, and renamed it Foundation Hospital, which came to be affectionately referred to as “Splinter Village.” The trustees decided that if the clinic took over the hospital it would appear that it was to be run as a for-profit institution and this, in Dr Caldwell's words, “would constitute a breach of good faith.” The trustees anticipated that when the time came to build a permanent hospital, it would be easier to accomplish on behalf of a non-profit organization than a for-profit partnership. They were eventually able to build the permanent medical facility that became today's main campus on Jefferson Highway.


The Legacy Return to TOC
In 1949, Dr Caldwell wrote, Many of the senior members on our staff feel that it is due them to establish a plan for succession which will give them assurance that the transitional stage will not be too critical, and that as some of them prove their administrative ability, they will soon begin to have some voice in the policies and plans for the Clinic. Those who have given five to eight years of loyal service to the group are due some clarification of this problem before long. (3)

He was planning for the future of the Clinic and Foundation. During a 1955 vacation, Caldwell wrote a poignant memorandum that settled the next 50 years of the Ochsner institutions: The future security and stability of the clinic (and foundation) depend upon having full, whole-hearted interest and cooperation of the staff and key personnel…. This I believe can only be realized by real participation, both in policymaking and profit sharing. This would require a very large partnership with a very complicated formula for voting and sharing….With a tight, small controlling group we will never be able to recruit the top-flight men required to do the kind of work we wish to have done….The staff thinking and attitude is what really controls our services to patients and our income & unless the staff is satisfied & have a feeling of real participation, the future of the Clinic is not secure not sound (3).


Cohesion Return to TOC
Guy Alvin Caldwell's role in the creation and planning of the vibrant institution that Ochsner Clinic Foundation patients and employees and the surrounding community enjoy today cannot be challenged. Dr. Caldwell made many more contributions than those above; I have chosen what I considered some of the most important and most telling. He was one the most fervent advocates for the building of the Brent House Hotel to give patients and families a sense of comfort and security during their visit to the Hospital and Clinic. He was a pioneer in the field of orthopedics and an accomplished physician and administrator. Perhaps the best compliment to Guy Caldwell's importance to the Ochsner legacy came from his fellow founder, Dr. Curtis Tyrone: He was “the glue that held us together” (3).


Acknowledgments
The author would like to acknowledge the recollections of Drs. Frank Riddick and John Ray in addition to the generous contributions of Guy Alexander Caldwell, PhD.


References Return to TOC

1. Ventura HO. Alton Ochsner, MD: Physician. The Ochsner Journal. 2001. 4:48–52. Find this article online
2. Wilds J, and Harkey I. Alton Ochsner Surgeon of the South. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press 1990.
3. Wilds J. Ochsner's: An Informal History of the South's Largest Private Medical Center. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press 1985.
4. Ray J. Caldwell (biography). Alcorn County 243–244. 1988.

Figures Return to TOC
Guy Caldwell

Jan,

Sorry about that. My typo. I read about the Remote Viewing program there in the 70s and didn't mean to imply it went on in the 50s. The only thing I have on Detrick is the Church Com report on MKNAOMI:

BK


Chemical and Biological Activities

Against this background, the Central Intelligence Agency entered into a special agreement with the Army on a project which the CIA codenamed MKNAOMI. The original purpose of MKNAOMI is difficult to determine. Few written records were prepared during its 18 year existence; most of the documents relating to it have been destroyed; and persons with knowledge of its early years have either died or have been unable to recall much about their association with the project. However, it is fair to conclude from the types of weapons developed for the CIA, and from the extreme security associated with MKNAOMI, that the possibility of first use of biological weapons by the CIA was contemplated.

The Army agreed that the Special Operations Division (SOD) at Fort Detrick would assist the CIA in developing, testing, and maintaining biological agents and delivery systems. By this agreement, CIA acquired the knowledge, skill, and facilities of the Army to develop biological weapons suited for CIA use. In 1967, the CIA summarized MKNAOMI objectives:
[/size]

• To provide for a covert support base to meet clandestine operational requirements.
• To stockpile severely incapacitating and lethal materials for the specific use of TSD [Technical Services Division].
• To maintain in operational readiness special and unique items for the dissemination of biological and chemical materials.
• To provide for the required surveillance, testing, upgrading, and evaluation of materials and items in order to assure absence of defects and complete predictability of results to be expected under operational conditions.

[size="3"]In reviewing the records and testimony of SOD personnel, it is easy for the most part, to distinguish SOD's work for the Army from the work for the CIA, even though very few SOD scientists knew of the CIA connection. For example, the CIA personnel who worked with SOD were identified as military officers from the fictitious Staff Support Group, whose interest in SOD was markedly different from the Army's. The CIA was careful to ensure that its moneys were transferred to SOD to cover the cost of CIA projects and the few existing SOD records indicate which projects were to be charged against the CIA funds received from "P-600," the accounting designation for CIA funds.

SOD's work for the Army from 1952 until the early 1960s was primarily to assess the vulnerability of sensitive installations, such as the Pentagon, air bases, and subway systems, to biological sabotage by an enemy….

The transfer from SOD to the CIA resulted in a major quantity of the toxin being retained by the agency in a manner which clearly violated the President's order….

Nevertheless, the history of MKNAOMI and the atmosphere surrounding it undoubtedly contributed to the mistaken belief of these individuals that they were not directly affected by the President's decision. The MKNAOMI project itself was contrary to the United States policy since 1925 and to Presidential announcement since 1943, for it contemplated a first use of biological weapons by the CIA – albeit in the context of small covert operations. Moreover because of the sensitive nature of MKNAOMI, these scientists gave their superiors little written record of their work and received little or no written guidance. The National Security Council staff, charged by the President with determining what U.S. policy should be, did not discover MKNAOMI in the course of its study and did not, therefore, consider the possibility that the CIA had biological weapons or biological agents. The CIA employee who claims to have made the decision, on his own, to retain the toxin received no written instructions to destroy them. Kept outside the National Security Council's study, the employee had to rely only on the newspaper account of the President's announcement and on his own interpretation of it.

This may fall under the category of "been there done that," but you might be surprised at the results you would find regarding MK/ULTRA and Messrs. Gottlieb, Helms et al, by searching "google newsgroups" and even google images.....

According to Col. Jose Rivera's official military records, he worked at Fort Detrick, Md., under Dr. Lamanna after WWII, and then reunited with Lamanna at the U.S. Naval Biological Laboratory, affiliated with the University of California at Berkeley, but actually situated in Oakland, California, from 1959 - 1961.

The only thing I could find about this U.S. Naval Biological Laborator is a reference to this guy being the head of security there, also in the late 50s.

A native of San Francisco, California, Captain Dewey entered active duty upon acceptance of a commission as Ensign from the NROTC Unit at Stamford University, on 6 September 1956.Following an initial tour as Security Officer, U.S. Naval Biological Laboratory, Oakland, California, he embarked upon a series of sea duty assignments commencing when he reported to USS Brown (DD546), in November 1957. Succeeding tours, in order, included assignments oin USS Saint Paul (CA73), Beach Jumper Unit ONE, USS Chicago(CG11) and USS Bayfield(APA33). In April 1967, then LT. CMDR. Dewey commenced a dual assignment with the Naval Advisory Group, Republic of Vietnam, and the US Navy River Patrol Force in the Mekong Delta region of Southeast Asia. During this tour he saw combat action on numerous occasions including during the Viet Cong Tet Offensive of 1968.Then came a tour ashore with the NATO staff of Commander Naval Striking and Support Forces, Southern Europe. Following promotion, Commander Dewey returned to sea as Executive Officer, USS Concord(AFS5) and from Jan.1974 to Jan.1976, he served as Commanding Officer, USS Denebola(AF56). A series of staff assignments started when he reported for duty as Operations Officer, Commander Service Group ONE in Feb.1976. It was while serving as Training Officer and Chief Staff Officer at Fleet Training Group, San Diego, that he was promoted to the rank of Captain on 1 April 1978. Next came duty as Chief Inspector and Chief Staff Officer, Military Sealift Command, Pacific, followed by a tour on the staff of Commander Naval Forces Marianas. Captain Dewey's final tour of duty was as Commanding Officer, Naval and Marine Corps Reserve Readiness Center, Sacramento, California from which he transferred to the retired list effective 1 July 1987. Captain Dewey's decorations include the Bronze Star Medal with Combat Action Ribbon plus various unit citations and service medals. He is qualified for both the Navy Expert Rifleman and Navy Expert Pistol Shot Medals. Captain Dewey is married to the former Diane M. Morgan of La Mesa, California. Their marriage has been blessed with four children and seven grandchildren. In the course of their naval career they have lived in the areas of San Diego, Long Beach and San Francisco, California: Norfolk, Virginia: Yokosuka, Japan: Naples, Italy: and the Territory of Guam, Mariana Islands. The Dewey's reside in retirement near Colfax, California where they enjoy the many opportunities for hunting, fishing and skiing offered by that region of the Sierra Nevada Mountains.

Commander Doolittle January - April 1976

here are some things:
http://stinet.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD...oc=GetTRDoc.pdf

In the late '60, Rivera was involved with the lab and other agencies in Project Tektite - research into lengthy stays under water conducted in Virgin Isles.
http://stinet.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD...oc=GetTRDoc.pdf

Keighley OIC Naval Biological Laboratory, Oakland, 1960
http://www.purplehearts.net/keighley/keighley.htm

The lab was listed in a 1970 AFSC paper called Weapons for Counterinsurgency as performing "epidemiological research relevant to biological warfare applications"

Bill, this is just a small sample... there is plenty out there on it.

Gee Greg, Thanks a lot. How'd I miss them. - I especially like the published reports and articles from the Naval Biological Research center. I see a lot of Lamanna, but no Rivera. I guess Rivera worked under Lamanna and didn't write much. - BK

142. The most poisonous poison. Carl Lamanna Science, 1959, 130:763-772

153. Use of autoclavable plastic material for do-it-yourself solutions to laboratory problems of safety. Ca," Lamanna J. Lab. Clin. Med., 1960, 55:319-321

159. Influence of ingested foods on the oral toxicity in mice of crystalline botulinal type A tcxi'i.Carl Lamanna and Charles E. Meyers, J. Bacteriol., 1960, 79:.'46-410

160. Comparative study of the agglutinogens of the endospores of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus c-reus. Carl Lamarna and Daniel Eisler

161. Toxicity of bacter,al exotoxins by the oral route. Carl Lamanna Science, 1966, 1311.100-1101

178. Oral poisoning by bacterial exotoxins exemplified in botulism. Carl Lamanna Ann, N.Y.Acad. Sci , 1960, 88:1109-1114

195. Pntigenic relationship of the endospores of Bacillus cereu 3 like insect pathogens to Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis. Carl Lamanna and Linda Jones, J. Bacterioi,, 1961, 81.622-625

203. Immunological aspects of airborne infection: Some general considerations of response to inhalation of toxins. Carl Lamanna Bacteriol. Rev., 1961, 25:323-33

232. Lethality for mice of vegetative and spore forms of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus cereus-like insect pathogens injected intraperitoneally and subcutaneously. Carl Lamanna and Linda Jones, J. Ba:teriol., 1963, 85:532-535

J. Bacteriol., j936(, 79:4j)-4.,41

Jan, Have you seen this?:


http://www.WantToKnow.info/bluebird10pg

A 10-Page Summary

In this summary of Bluebird, Dr. Ross describes unethical experiments conducted by psychiatrists to create amnesia, new identities, hypnotic access codes, and new memories in the minds of experimental subjects. His research is based on 15,000 pages of documents obtained under the Freedom of Information Act. Dr. Ross is a past president of the International Society for the Study of Dissociation. Join in powerfully creating a better world for all by spreading the word.

Historical Background

The Manchurian Candidate is compelling evidence for the reality of therapist-created multiple personality disorder. The condition has been created deliberately by mind control doctors. Experiments to create Manchurian Candidate “super spies” must be understood in their social and historical context, which is one of pervasive, systematic mind control experimentation, not by a few isolated renegade doctors, but by the leaders of psychiatry and the major medical schools. Because this book is likely to provoke extreme reactions, I have taken great care to present only facts which are fully documented and based on objective, public domain information. P. E

The basic premise of the book The Manchurian Candidate [1] is that a group of American POWs in the Korean War is brainwashed while crossing through Manchuria to freedom. They arrive back in the US amnesic for the period of brainwashing, and one of them has been programmed to be an assassin. His target is a candidate for president of the US. His Asian handlers control him with a hypnotically implanted trigger, a particular playing card. P. 23

Multiple personality disorder is now classified by the American Psychiatric Association [2] as dissociative identity disorder. According to my definition, the Manchurian Candidate is an experimentally created dissociative identity disorder that meets the following four criteria:

<LI style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">Created deliberately <LI style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">A new identity is implanted <LI style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">Amnesia barriers are created
• Used in simulated or actual operations

That the CIA created Manchurian Candidates is a fact, and easy to understand and justify from a national security perspective. I am not criticizing the CIA or the military in this book because I am not an expert on intelligence matters. I am a psychiatrist specializing in dissociative disorders. P. G

BLUEBIRD blows the whistle on extensive political abuse of psychiatry in North America in the second half of the 20^th century. Many thousands of prisoners and mental patients were subjected to unethical mind control experiments by leading psychiatrists and medical schools. Organized academic psychiatry has never acknowledged this history. The network of mind control doctors involved in BLUEBIRD has done a great deal of harm to the field of psychiatry and to psychiatric patients. My goal is to break the ugly silence. P. K

The participation of psychiatrists and medical schools in mind control research was not a matter of a few scattered doctors pursuing questionable lines of investigation. Rather, the mind control experimentation was systematic, organized, and involved many leading psychiatrists and medical schools. The mind control experiments were interwoven with radiation experiments, and research on chemical and biological weapons. They were funded by the CIA, Army, Navy, Air Force, and by other agencies including the Public Health Service and the Scottish Rite Foundation. The psychiatrists, psychologists, neurosurgeons, and other contractors conducting the work were imbedded in a broad network of doctors, and much of the research was published in medical journals. The climate was permissive, supportive, and approving of mind control experimentation. P. F, 1

The work of the mind control doctors did not occur in a vacuum. The importation of Nazi doctors to the US through secret programs like PAPERCLIP is part of the context. After the end of World War II, German scientists and technical experts were being held in a variety of detainment camps. The British, French, Americans, and Russians became embroiled in highly competitive recruiting efforts to secure the services of these German specialists. The prospect of losing the industrial and scientific services of these German experts lead to the creation of Project PAPERCLIP. [3][4][5] Over 1,000 German scientists were secretly brought into the US without State Department approval. The most famous individual brought over in this manner was Werner von Braun, the rocket scientist. Von Braun was the head of the German V2 rocket program. The NASA rockets that took Neil Armstrong to the moon were built by von Braun and his colleagues. Medical doctors also came over under PAPERCLIP. P. 3, 4

Likewise, the Tuskeegee Syphilis Study helps us understand how mind control experimentation was not only tolerated by medical professionals, but published in peer-reviewed literature. [6][7] The Study, started in Alabama in 1932, was run by the Public Health Service. 399 illiterate, poor rural black men with syphilis were recruited as subjects, along with 201 controls without syphilis. The purpose of the Study was to make sure the 399 men never got treatment. The subjects and their families weren’t told they had syphilis and didn’t know it was treatable. They were told that they had bad blood. P. 1, 9, 10

The cure for syphilis, penicillin, was introduced in the early 1940’s. It was withheld from the Tuskeegee men for 30 years. The published results of the Study showed the men with untreated syphilis were sicker and died younger than controls. [8] How many women were infected with syphilis because these men were deliberately not treated? How many children were born with syphilis because of the Study? The Tuskeegee Syphilis Study was eventually shut down in 1972 because of the efforts of an investigative journalist. There is no evidence to suggest that the government or the medical progression had any intention of closing the study as of 1972. People and organizations that knew about the Study included the Surgeon General, the American Heart Association, and the Center for Disease Control. Throughout its 40-year course, the Tuskeegee Study was praised and received various honors. P. 9-13

The Tuskeegee Study establishes that a large network of doctors and organization were willing to participate in, fund, and condone grossly unethical medical experimentation into the 1970’s. The Study proves that considerable external pressure is often required before the medical profession takes the necessary action to terminate such experimentation. P. 14

Unethical radiation experiments were conducted on about 600 subjects [9][10][11] in the US beginning in the 1940’s and running into the 1970’s. Many people were injected with plutonium and exposed to other forms of radiation without their informed consent. 18 patients were injected with plutonium in an experiment run by the MANHATTAN PROJECT. Prisoners in Washington and Oregon state prisons were paid to have their testicles irradiated. They got $5 a month for the irradiation. During the experiment, which ran from 1963 to 1971, the subjects’ testicles were exposed to 600 roentgen of radiation, which is 100 times the maximum recommended dose. P. 15-17

Clouds of radioactive material were released into the atmosphere and tracked as they moved downwind, often through populated areas. In one experiment code-named GREEN RUN, radioactive iodine-131 released from the Hanford Nuclear Facility drifted over Spokane. The cloud contained hundreds of times as much radiation as was released accidentally at Three Mile Island in 1979. P. 17

As was true of mind control and biological weapon research, radiation research experiments were conducted on children and unwitting civilians. In 1961, researchers at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Boston University School of Medicine gave radioactive iodine to seventy retarded children at Wrentham State School. At Fernald School, MIT gave radioactive substances to children by putting it in their food. No risks of radioactivity were mentioned in the consent form signed by the parents. The consent form stated that the purpose of the experiments was “helping to improve the nutrition of our children.” Dr. Saul Krugman of New York University and his staff deliberately injected severely mentally retarded children at Willowbrook State School with hepatitis virus in the 1950’s and 1960’s, [12] funded by the Army Medical Research and Development Command. To date there has been no compensation for victims of unethical biological experiments. P. 15, 18, 19

Army doctors were actively involved in LSD testing at least until the late 1970’s. Subjects of LSD experiments included children as young as five years old, and brain electrodes were implanted in children as young as 11 years of age. Four of the CIA’s MKULTRA Subprojects were on children. The mind control doctors included Presidents of the American Psychiatric Association and psychiatrists who received full-page obituaries in the American Journal of Psychiatry. Responsibility for the unethical experimentation lies first with the individual doctors, but also collectively with the medical profession and with academia as a whole. P. 21

Cold War Mind Control Experimentation

BLUEBIRD was approved by the CIA director on April 20, 1950. In August 1951, the Project was renamed ARTICHOKE. BLUEBIRD and ARTICHOKE included a great deal of work on the creation of amnesia, hypnotic couriers, and the Manchurian Candidate. [13][14] ARTICHOKE documents prove that hypnotic couriers functioned effectively in real-life simulations conducted by the CIA in the early 1950’s. The degree to which such individuals were used in actual operations is still classified. P. 23

The BLUEBIRD and ARTICHOKE documents available through the Freedom of Information Act, like all such documents, are heavily redacted. A great deal of text has been whited out, and other documents must still be entirely classified. BLUEBIRD and ARTICHOKE were administered in a compartmented fashion. The details of the programs were kept secret even form other personnel within the CIA. When asked why LSD research done under ARTICHOKE was hidden from the CIA Committee in charge of ARTICHOKE, Sydney Gottlieb, Chief, Medical Staff, Technical Services Division, CIA, responded, “I imagine the only reason would have been concern for broadening awareness of its existence.” P. 25, 27

An article in the February 18, 1979 Wilmington Sunday News Journal states: “The ARTICHOKE interrogation was conducted in a safe house in the remote countryside staffed by security-cleared personnel. It was conducted under medical cover of a routine physical and psychological assessment. The Subject was transported to the safe house in a ‘covert car.’ At the safe house he was given a conventional interrogation and then some whiskey. This was followed by two grams of Phenobarbital, which put him to sleep. The next day a lie detector test was given, and the Subject was given intravenous chemicals. Following the chemically-assisted interrogation, the ARTICHOKE techniques were applied in three stages. A false memory was introduced into the Subject’s mind without his conscious control of the process. The procedure was repeated again with interrogation added.” P. 28

ARTICHOKE operations involved detailed, systematic creation of specific amnesia barriers, new identities and hypnotically implanted codes and triggers. An ARTICHOKE document dated 7 January 1953 [15] describes the experimental creation of multiple personality in two 19-year old girls by the CIA. “H” is used as shorthand for hypnotic, hypnotized, or hypnotism: “These subjects have clearly demonstrated that they can pass from a fully awake state to a deep H controlled state via the telephone, via some very subtle signal that cannot be detected by other persons in the room, and without the other individuals being able to note the change. It has been clearly shown that physically, individuals can be induced into H by telephone, by receiving written matter, or by the use of code, signal, or words, and that control of those hypnotized can be passed from one individual to another without great difficulty. It has also been shown by experimentation with these girls that they can act as unwilling couriers for information purposes, and that they can be conditioned to a point where they believe a change in identity on their part even on the polygraph.” P. 32

Another ARTICHOKE document describes “Analogous Case #3.” “A CIA Security Office employee was hypnotized and given a false identity. She defended it hotly, denying her true name and rationalizing with conviction the possession of identity cards made out to her real self. Later, having had the false identity erased by suggestion, she was asked if she had ever heard of the name she had been defending as her own five minutes before. She thought, shook her head, and said, ‘That’s a pseudo if I ever heard one.’ Apparently she had true amnesia for the entire episode.” P. 32, 33

In an experiment described in a document entitled “SI and H experimentation [16] (25 September 1951)”, two female subjects took part in an exercise involving the planting of a bomb. Both subjects performed perfectly and were fully amnesic for the exercise: “[Whited out] was instructed that upon awakening, she would proceed to [whited out] room where she would wait at the desk for a telephone call. Upon receiving the call, a person known as “Jim” would engage her in normal conversation. During the course of the conversation, this individual would mention a code word. When she heard this code word, she would pass into a SI trance state, but would not close her eyes and remain perfectly normal and continue the telephone conversation. P. 37

She was told that upon conclusion of the telephone conversation, she would then carry out instructions: [Whited out] was shown an electric timing device. She was informed that this device was a bomb, and then instructed how to set the device. After [whited out] learned how to set and attach the device, she was told to take the timing device which was in a briefcase, and proceed to the ladies room. In the ladies room, she would be met by a girl whom she had never seen who would identify herself by the code word “New York.” [whited out] was then to show this individual how to attach and set the timing device and further instructions would be given that the timing device was to be carried in the briefcase to [whited out] room, placed in the nearest empty electric-light plug and concealed in the bottom, left-hand drawer of [whited out] desk, with the device set for 82 seconds and turned on.” P. 37, 38

The BLUEBIRD/ARTICHOKE materials establish conclusively that full Manchurian Candidates were created and tested successfully by physicians with TOP SECRET clearance from the CIA. P. 61

As well as being potential couriers and infiltration agents, the subjects could function in effect as hypnotically controlled cameras. They could enter a room or building, memorize materials quickly, leave the building, and then be amnesic for the entire episode. The memorized material could then be retrieved by a handler using a previously implanted code or signal, without the amnesia being disturbed. Hypnosis was not the mind control doctors’ only method for creation of controlled amnesia, however. Drugs, magnetic fields, sound waves, sleep deprivation, solitary confinement, and many other methods were studied under BLUEBIRD and ARTHICHOKE. P. 38

Another problem addressed repeatedly in the documents is called “The Problem of Disposal of Subjects.” Several personnel recommended the use of lobotomies for this purpose, but according to the documents this was rejected as too unethical and too high a negative publicity risk for the CIA. P. 41

The usage of electric shock to the brain for the creation of amnesia with hypnosis was discussed by an ARTICHOKE document dated 3 December 1951: “[Whited out] is reported to be an authority on electric shock. He is a psychiatrist of considerable note. [Whited out] explained that electric shock might be of considerable interest to the ‘Artichoke’ type of work. He stated that the standard electric-shock machine (Reiter) could be used. He stated that using this machine with convulsive treatment, he could guarantee amnesia for certain periods of time, and particularly he could guarantee amnesia for any knowledge of use of the convulsive shock. He stated that the lower setting of the machine produced a different type of shock. When this lower current type of shock was applied without convulsion, it had the effect of making a man talk. He said that this type of shock produced in the individual excruciating pain. He stated that there would be no question that the individual would be quite willing to give information if threatened with the use of this machine. It was [whited out] opinion that an individual could gradually be reduced through the use of electro-shock treatment to the vegetable level.” P. 44

Project MKULTRA

ARTICHOKE and BLUEBIRD were administratively rolled over into MKULTRA, which was created by the CIA on April 3, 1953. MKULTRA was in turn rolled over into MKSEARCH on June 7, 1964. MKSEARCH then ran until June 1972, at which time extensive shredding of MKULTRA and MKSEARCH files was ordered by the Director of the CIA, Richard Helms. The surviving MKULTRA documents can be obtained from the CIA under the Freedom of Information Act. There was a round of declassification of mind control documents in the 1970’s which were the foundation of books published in the 1970’s and 1980’s. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] P. 7

A document entitled, “Hypnotic Experimentation and Research, 10 February 1954” [24] describes a simulation experiment of relevance to the creation of Manchurian Candidate assassins: “Miss [whited out] was then instructed (having previously expressed a fear of firearms) that she would use every method at her disposal to awaken miss [whited out] (now in a deep hypnotic sleep), and failing this, she would pick up a pistol nearby and fire it at Miss [whited out]. She was instructed that her rage would be so great that she would not hesitate to “kill” [whited out] for failing to awaken. Miss [whited out] carried out these suggestions to the letter including firing the (unloaded) gun at [whited out] and then proceeding to fall into a deep sleep. After proper suggestions were made, both were awakened and expressed complete amnesia for the entire sequence. Miss [whited out] was again handed the gun, which she refused (in an awakened state) to pick up or accept form the operator. She expressed absolute denial that the foregoing sequence had happened.” P. 36, 37

MKULTRA was divided into 149 Subprojects. One group of Subprojects involved the development and testing of mind control drugs. The goal of these Subprojects was to identify compounds which would assist in interrogation and in the creation of amnesia. The CIA sponsored LSD research through MKULTRA. It also financed LSD conferences and books. An undated document entitled “D-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LDS-25),” states “Some of the more outstanding effects are the mental confusion, helplessness, and extreme anxiety which are produced by minute doses of this substance. Based upon these reactions, its potential use in offensive psychological warfare and in interrogation is considerable, and it may become one of the most important of the psychochemical agents.” P. 47, 51, 54, 73

Unethical practice by physicians and the direct involvement of pharmaceutical companies are part of the history of hallucinogens. Under TOP SECRET clearance, Eli Lilly Company was given a $400,000 grant in 1953 to manufacture and supply LSD to the CIA. Army LSD research was ongoing in 1977 when LSD was a controlled substance. At least 1,500 soldiers were given LSD without informed consent as part of Army mind control experiments. These facts have never been subject to ethical review or any policy or position statement by any medical organization. P. 52, 53, 68, 73

Frank Olson was a Fort Detrick biological warfare expert who committed suicide in 1953 after being given LSD hidden in liqueur by Dr. Sidney Gottlieb, Director of MKULTRA. Olson’s family determined that he had committed suicide subsequent to a bad LSD trip only after reading Nelson Rockefeller’s 1975 report on the CIA, published 22 years after Olsen’s death. They were given $750,000 in compensation by Congress. P. 49

Biological warfare (BW) and chemical warfare (CW) research involved testing in many locations. CW research involved releasing bacteria and viruses into general population areas. The bacterium Serratia marascens was released in New York (June 1966), San Francisco (September 1950), and Pennsylvania (January 1955). A paper in the Archives of Internal Medicine describes eleven Serratia marascens infections observed in one San Francisco hospital between September 1950 and February 1951. The paper was published because Serratia marascens infections are very rare. P. 68, 69

MKULTRA Subproject 35 involved funding the construction of the Gorman Annex at Georgetown University Hospital in Washington, DC. The total budget for the Annex of $1.25 million was to provide a hospital safe house for mind control research. One sixth of the space was set aside for the CIA, which placed three biochemists there under cover. P. 55

Another group of Subprojects consists of experiments and research on non-chemical mind control. This group of Subprojects is about one quarter of the total MKULTRA Subprojects. It involves most of the contractors with unwitting status. Unwitting contractors are ones who do not realize that the research money is from the CIA because it has been funneled through a cutout or front organization. By and large, the psychologists and sociologists were unwitting contractors, while the physicians, chemists, and the biologists had TOP SECRET clearance and were aware that they were working for the CIA. In CIA terminology, these people were witting. P. 54

Like the Tuskeegee Syphilis Study and the radiation research, MKULTRA involved direct experimentation on children without informed consent being given by their parents or guardians. In the case of the Tuskeegee Study, children were harmed by preventable congenital syphilis. In the radiation experiments, they were harmed through direct expose after birth or in utero exposure during experiments on their mothers. [25] Four of the MKULTRA Subprojects involved research on children. The deliberate creation of multiple personality in children is an explicitly stated plan in the MKULTRA Subproject Proposal submitted for funding on May 30, 1961. P. 56, 61

The Mind Control Doctors – Dr. Ewen Cameron

Throughout the 20^th century, academic psychiatry provided no public commentary, ethical guidance, or moral oversight of any kind concerning mind control experimentation, despite the fact that the leading psychiatrists and medical schools were well funded by the CIA and military for mind control research. Mental patients, cancer patients, prisoners, and unwitting citizens were experimented on by mind control doctors at Yale, Harvard, McGill, Stanford, UCLA, and other major universities. These human guinea pigs were never told that they were subjects in military and CIA mind control experiments, and they never gave informed consent. They received no systematic follow-up to document the harm done to them. The welfare of the “human subjects” was not a relevant variable in the academic equation.” The mind control doctors saw their patients as biological machines, a view which made them sub-human, and therefore easier to abuse in mind control experiments. P. 91, 126

The MKULTRA contractor about whom the most has been written is Dr. Ewen Cameron. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] Dr. Cameron began conducting unethical and inhumane brainwashing experiments at Brandon mental Hospital in the 1930’s. Schizophrenic patients were forced to lie naked in red light for eight hours a day for periods as long as eight months. Another experiment involved overheating patients in an electric cage until their body temperatures reached 102 degrees. Dr. Cameron massively over-utilized coma therapy by putting patients in coma for 2 to 5 hours per day for up to 50 days in a row. At various times, Dr. Cameron was President of the Quebec, Canadian, American, and World Psychiatric Associations. He was one of four co-founders of the World Psychiatric Association. P. 125-129

In a paper published in the American Journal of Psychiatry entitled “Psychic Driving,” Dr. Cameron [33] describes his brainwashing techniques. Psychic driving was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, patients were depatterned, which meant reduced to a vegetable state through a combination of massive amounts of electroconvulsive shock, drug-induced sleep and sensory isolation. When fully depatterned, patients were incontinent of urine and feces, unable to feed themselves, and unable to state their name, location, or the date. In the second stage, psychic driving was introduced. This consisted of hundreds of hours of tape loops being played to the patient through earphones, special helmets, or speakers in the sensory isolation room. Dr. Cameron received a grant from Canada’s Department of Health and Welfare for $57,750 for the years 1961 to 1964 for “A Study of Factors Which Promote or Retard Personality Change in Individuals Exposed to Prolonged Repetition of Verbal Signals.” P. 129, 131

Linda MacDonald was a victim of Dr. Ewen Cameron’s unethical, destructive mind control experiments between May 1 and September 12, 1963. Dr. Cameron used a “treatment” which involved intensive application of three brainwashing techniques; drug disinhibition, prolonged sleep treatment, and prolonged psychological isolation. These were combined with ECT [Electro Convulsive Therapy] treatments. The amount of electricity introduced into Linda’s brain exceeded by 76.5 times the maximum amount recommended in the ECT Guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association. Dr. Cameron proved that doctors skilled in the right procedures can erase a subject’s memory. His depattering technique resulted in permanent and complete amnesia. To this day, Linda MacDonald is unable to remember anything from her birth to 1963. As recorded by nurses in her chart, Linda was reduced to a vegetable state by depatterning. She was completely disoriented. She didn’t know her name, age or where she was. She didn’t recognize her children. She couldn’t read, drive, cook, or use a toilet. Not only did she not know her husband, she didn’t even know what a husband was. P. 181-183

There is a connection to politics, power, and weapons in Linda MacDonald’s life. Her husband worked for the Canadian Armament Research Development Establishment. His immediate boss was a man who sold arms to Saddam Hussein. His boss was also tied into the Iran-Contra affair, and was murdered in Europe a few years ago. P. 186

Life changed for Linda when the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation program, The Fifth Estate, aired a segment on Dr. Cameron on January 17, 1984. A Vancouver newspaper ran a full-page story on Robert Loggie, a Vancouver man who had been experimented on by Dr. Cameron. Loggie was a plaintiff in the class action suit against the CIA for Dr. Cameron’s MKULTRA experiments, which was settled out of court for $750,000, divided among the eight plaintiffs. Linda’s mother phoned her about the program. Linda shook a lot in reaction to the news and didn’t know what to do. Through a reporter she got in touch with a Washington lawyer representing the eight Canadian plaintiffs. He advised Linda that she could not be a party to the class action suit against the CIA because she was ‘treated’ by Dr. Cameron after his CIA funding had stopped. The Canadian government had picked up the funding by 1963. Eventually she got $100,000 plus legal fees from the Canadian government. P. 187, 188

The fact that Dr. Cameron’s unethical, inhumane, and grossly damaging experiments were published in the psychiatric literature [34][35][36] is a condemnation of the editorial standards of the journals, not a vindication of Dr. Cameron. P. 132

Dr. G. H. Estabrooks

G.H. Estabrooks is the only mind control doctor who has publicly acknowledged the building of Manchurian Candidates. In his book Spiritism, [37] Dr. Estabrooks describes experiments done to create multiple personality by military psychiatrist Dr. P.L. Harriman. [38][39][40] In his book Hypnotism, [41] Dr. Estabrooks states that the creation of experimental multiple personality for operational use in military subjects, whom he refers to as super spies, is ethical because of the demands of war. He comments in a chapter entitled “Hypnotism in Warfare” that: “the hand of the military must not be tied by any silly prejudices in the minds of the general public. War is the end of all law. In the last analysis any device is justifiable which enables us to protect ourselves from defeat.” P. 159, 162

In a May 13, 1968 article in the Providence Evening Bulletin, [42] Estabrooks is described as a former consultant for the FBI and CIA, and is quoted as saying that, “the key to creating an effective spy or assassin rests in splitting a man’s personality, or creating multipersonality, with the aid of hypnotism. This is not science fiction. This has and is being done. I have done it.” P. 162

Dr. Estabrooks’ proposal to the CIA dated June 22, 1954 states: “In deep hypnosis the subject, military or civilian, can be given a message to be delivered to say Colonel X in Berlin. The message will be perfectly safe and delivered to the proper person because the subject will have no memory whatsoever in the waking state as to the message. It can be arranged that the subject will have no knowledge of ever having been hypnotized. It can be arranged that no one beside Colonel X in Berlin can hypnotize the subject and recover the message….I will take a number of men and will establish in them through the use of hypnotism the condition of split personality. Consciously they will be ardent Communists, fanatical adherents to the party line. Unconsciously they will be loyal Americans determined to thwart the Communists at every turn. These men will have no knowledge of ever having been hypnotized, and can only be hypnotized by such persons as the original operator may choose. Consciously they will associate with the Communists and learn all their plans. Once every month they, as loyal Americans, will tell what they know. This sounds unbelievable, but I assure you, it will work.” P. 163, 165

In a 1971 article in Science Digest, Dr. Estabrooks [43] claimed to have created hypnotic couriers and counterintelligence agents for operational use: “The ‘hypnotic courier’ provides a unique solution. I was involved in preparing army subjects for this work during World War II. One successful case involved an Army Captain. He was an excellent subject but did not realize it. I removed from him, by post hypnotic suggestion, all recollection of ever having been hypnotized. I put him under deep hypnosis, and gave him – orally – a vital message to be delivered directly on his arrival in Japan to a certain colonel – let’s say his name was Brown – of military intelligence. Outside of myself, Colonel Brown was the only person who could hypnotize Captain Smith. This is ‘locking.’ I performed it by saying to the captain, ‘We will use the phrase ‘the moon is clear. Whenever you hear this phrase from Brown or myself you will pass instantly into deep hypnosis.’ When Captain Smith re-awakened, he had no conscious memory of what happened in trance. The system is virtually foolproof.” P. 167, 168

By the 1920’s not only had [clinical hypnotists] learned to apply posthypnotic suggestion, but also had learned to split certain complex individuals into multiple personalities like Jeckyl-Hydes. During World War II, I worked this technique with a vulnerable Marine lieutenant I’ll call Jones. I split his personality into Jones A and Jones B. Jones A, once a “normal” working Marine, became entirely different. He talked communist doctrine and meant it. He was welcomed enthusiastically by communist cells, and was deliberately given a dishonorable discharge by the Corps and became a card-carrying party member. Jones B was the deeper personality, knew all the thoughts of Jones A, was a loyal American and was “imprinted” to say nothing during conscious phases. All I had to do was hypnotize the whole man, get in touch with Jones B, the loyal American, and I had a pipeline straight into the Communist camp. It worked beautifully for months.” P. 169

Dr. Estabrooks did experiments on children. He corresponded with FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover about using hypnosis to interrogate juvenile delinquents. His experimentation on children raises the possibility that investigators have attempted to create Manchurian Candidates in children. Such a possibility might seem far-fetched until one considers the LSD, biological and radiation experiments conducted on children, the fact that four MKULTRA Subprojects were on children, and that hypnotic subjects described in the CIA documents include girls 19 years of age. P. 176, 177

Other Mind Control Doctors

Dr. Harold Wolff, a Professor of Medicine at Cornell, was a director of the CIA cutout [front organization], The Human Ecology Foundation, and the investigator of MKULTRA Subproject 61. Dr. Wolff’s accomplishments include being President of the American Neurological Association and editor of Archives of Neurology. [44] P. 85

Dr. Martin Orne [45][46] is one of the leading experts on hypnosis of the 20^th century. For about 30 years, he was the editor of The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. He is one of two psychiatrists professionally active into the late 1990’s who is a documented CIA mind control contractor, along with Dr. Louis Jolyon West. [47] Dr. West, who killed an elephant with LSD [48] at Oklahoma City Zoo, had TOP SECRET clearance with the CIA and the military. P. 81, 121, 124

Dr. William Sweet [49] participated in both brain electrode implant experiments and the injection of uranium into medical patients at Harvard University. The 925-page Final Report. Advisory Committee on Human radiation Experiments tells the story of the radiation experiments, and their linkage to mind control. [50] P. 1

Brain Implants

A CIA memorandum for MKULTRA Subproject 142 describes the control of animals through stimulation of brain electrodes. The overall goal was clear; to control the mind and behavior, and to create dissociation through a combination of drugs, sensory isolation, hypnosis, brain electrode implants, electric shock, and beaming different kinds of energy at the brain. The ability to create limited, controlled amnesia through a variety of methods was a primary goal of the mind control programs. P. 87

Brain electrode experiments were also conducted in humans. Dr. Jose Delgado, [51][52][53][54][55][56][57] a neurosurgeon and professor at Yale, received funding for brain electrode research on children and adults. He was able to control the movements of his animal and human subjects by pushing buttons on a remote transmitter box. In one paper, Dr. Delgado describes the cats as “mechanical toys.” An 11-year old boy underwent a partial change of identity upon remote stimulation of his brain electrode: [58] “Electrical stimulation of the superior temporal convolution induced feminine striving and confusion about his own sexual identity. For example, the patient, an 11-year old boy, said, ‘I was thinking whether I was a boy or a girl, which one I’d like to be,’ and ‘I’d like to be a girl.’ After one of the stimulations the patient suddenly began to discuss his desire to get married to the male interviewer. Temporal-lobe stimulation produced in another patient open manifestations and declarations of pleasure, accompanied by giggles and joking with the therapist. In two adult female patients stimulation of the same region was followed by discussion of marriage and expression of a wish to marry the therapist. P. 87-89

Brain electrode research was also conducted independently at Harvard by Dr. Delgado’s coauthors, Drs. Vernon Mark, Frank Ervin, and William Sweet. Mark and Ervin describe implanting brain electrodes in a large number of patients at Harvard hospitals. A patient named Jennie was 14 years old when they put electrodes in her brain. In Mark and Ervin’s Violence and the Brain, [59] photographs show 18-year old Julia smiling, angry, or pounding the wall depending on which button is being pushed on the transmitter box sending signals to her brain electrodes. P. 89-91

Dr. Heath, [60][61][62] Chairman of the Department of Psychiatry and Neurology at Tulane University, placed brain electrodes in a young homosexual man and fitted him with a box. A button on the box could be used to electrically stimulate an electrode implanted in the septal region of his brain, a pleasure center. During one three-our period, the patient, referred to as B-19, stimulated himself 1,500 times. [63] “During these sessions, B-19 stimulated himself to a point that he was experiencing an almost overwhelming euphoria and elation, and had to be disconnected, despite his vigorous protests. P. 94

Non-lethal Weapons

Non-lethal weapons is a broad category which includes devices for beaming various kinds of energy at human targets in order to temporarily incapacitate them, or to control or affect their behavior. Non-lethal weapons research has been conducted at universities in the US on contract to the CIA, and has overlapped with research on hallucinogens and brain electrode implants. Funding of the experiments began in MKULTRA. P. 103

Subproject 62 documents “certain kinds of radio frequency energy have been found to effect reversible neurological changes in chimpanzees.” Subproject 54 was studying how to produce concussions from a distance using mechanical blast waves propagated through the air. The contractor says that such a concussion “is always followed by amnesia for the actual moment of the accident.” He also states: “The blast duration would be in the order of a tenth of a second. Masking of a noise of this duration should not be difficult. It would be advantageous to establish the effectiveness of both of the above methods as a tool in brain-wash therapy.” P. 104, 105

MKULTRA Subproject 119 was a literature review which included a summary of existing information on “Techniques of activation of the human organism by remote electronic means.” According to a report in Defense Electronics, <A title="" href="http://www.wanttoknow.info/bluebird10pg#_edn64" name=_ednref64>[64] consideration was given to using non-lethal weapons technology on David Koresh during the Branch Davidian siege in the spring of 1993. P. 105

Research on the ability of magnetic fields to facilitate the creation of false memories and altered states of consciousness is apparently funded by the Defense Intelligence Agency through the project cryptonym SLEEPING BEAUTY. “Sleeping Beauty was a Defense Department study of remote microwave min-influencing techniques.” [65] P. 116

There is abundant evidence in the public domain [66] that non-lethal weapons research is ongoing and funded annually in the tens of millions of dollars, or more. Given the fact that chemical and biological weapons, mind control drugs and radiation have been tested on unwitting civilian populations, it is possible that non-lethal weapons have also been tested on unwitting civilians. P 106.

A memorandum from Richard Helms, [67] Acting Deputy Director to Allen Dulles, Director of the CIA dated 3 April 1953 and entitled “Two Extremely Sensitive Research Programs” (MKULTRA and MKDELTA) includes the statement, “Even internally in CIA, as few individuals as possible should be aware of our interest in these fields and of the identity of those who are working for us. At present this results in ridiculous contracts, often with cut-outs [front organizations], which do not spell out the scope or intent of the work. Complete Government audits of such contracts are impossible for the same reason.” P. 125

To order Bluebird, and to get more information on mind control and other major cover-ups, see our Resource List. For other reliable resources on mind control, visit our mind control information center. We share this information as an invitation to work together for a better world. By inspiring others to join us in spreading the word, we can create a critical mass of people who demand that these activities be brought back under Congressional control.




[1] Condon, R. The Manchurian Candidate. New York: Jove Books, 1959/1988. To order this book, click here.

[2] American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1994

[3] Hunt, L. Secret Agenda. The United States Government, Nazi Scientists, and Project Paperclip, 1945 to 1990. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991. To order this book, click here.

[4] Simpson, C. Blowback. The First Full Account of America’s Recruitment of Nazis, and the Disastrous Effect on Our Domestic and Foreign Policy. New York: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1988. To order this book, click here.

[5] Simpson, C. The Splendid Blonde Beast. Money, Law, and Genocide in the Twentieth Century. New York: Grove Press, 1993. To order this book, click here.

[6] Jones, J.H. Bad Blood. New York: The Free Press, 1981

[7] Vonderlehr, R.A., Clark, T., Wenger, O.C. & Heller, J.R. Untreated syphilis in the male Negro. A comparative study of treated and untreated cases. Journal of the American Medical Association, 107, 856-859, 1936

[8] Rockwell, D.H., Yobs, A.R., & Moore, M.B. The Tuskeegee study of untreated syphilis. The 30^th year of observation. Archives of Internal Medicine, 114, 792-798, 1964.

[9] Budiansky, S., Goode, E.E., & Gest, T. The cold war experiments. US News and World Report, January 24, 1994, pp. 32-38

[10] Faden, R.R. Final Report. Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1995. The full report is available on the Department of Energy Website at: http://www.hss.energy.gov/healthsafety/ohr...chre/index.html.

[11] Watson, R. Glick, D., Hosenball, M., McCormick, J. Murr, A., Begley, S., Miller, S., Carroll, G., & Keene-Osborn, S. America’s nuclear secrets. Newsweek, December 27, 1993, pp. 14-18.

[12] Krugman, S. Giles, J.P., & Hammond, J. Infectious hepatitis. Evidence for two distinctive clinical, epidemiological, and immunological types of infection. Journal of the American Medical Association, 200, 365-373, 1967

[13] Condon, R. The Manchurian Candidate. New York: Jove Books, 1959/1988. To order this book, click here.

[14] Marks, J. The Search for the Manchurian Candidate. New York: W.W. Norton, 1988. To order this book, click here.

[15] CIA MORI ID 190684, pp. 1, 4. This is a declassified CIA document dealing with mind control. To verify the statement in the text, use the FOIA (Freedom of Information Act) request as described on our ten-page mind control summary at http://www.WantToKnow.info/mindcontrol10pg#ciadocs. You should receive the government mind control CDs within a month of your request. Once you receive them, look up the MORI ID number listed. For free, unlimited access to these documents, go to the Black Vault Government Archive at http://www.theblackvault.com/modules.php?n...e&pageID=23. To go directly to the CIA document quoted, for page 1, click here. For page 4, click here.

[16] CIA MORI ID 190527, pp. 1, 2. This is a declassified CIA document dealing with mind control. To verify the statement in the text, use the FOIA (Freedom of Information Act) request as described on our ten-page mind control summary at http://www.WantToKnow.info/mindcontrol10pg#ciadocs. You should receive the government mind control CDs within a month of your request. Once you receive them, look up the MORI ID number listed. For free, unlimited access to these documents, go to the Black Vault Government Archive at http://www.theblackvault.com/modules.php?n...e&pageID=23. To go directly to the above document, for page 1, click here. For page 2, click here.

[17] Bowart, W. Operation Mind Control. New York: W.W. Norton, 1978

[18] Collins, A. In the Sleep Room. The Story of CIA Brainwashing Experiments in Canada. Toronto: Key Porter Books, 1988/1998. To order this book, click here.

[19] Gillmor, D. I Swear By Apollo. Dr. Ewen Cameron and the CIA-Brainwashing Experiments. Montreal: Eden press, 1987. To order this book, click here.

[20] Lee, M., & Shlain, B. Acid Dreams. The Complete Social History of LSD: The CIA, the Sixties, and Beyond. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1985.

[21] Marks, J. The Search for the Manchurian Candidate. New York: W.W. Norton, 1988. To order this book, click here.

[22] Scheflin, A.W., & Opton, E.M. The Mind manipulators. New York: Paddington Press, 1978. To order this book, click here.

[23] Thomas, G. Journey into Madness. The Secret Story of Secret CIA Mind Control and Medical Abuse. New York: Bantam, 1989 (paperback 1990). To order this book, click here.

[24] CIA MORI ID 190691, p. 1. This is a declassified CIA document dealing with mind control. To verify the statement in the text, use the FOIA (Freedom of Information Act) request as described on our ten-page mind control summary at http://www.WantToKnow.info/mindcontrol10pg#ciadocs. You should receive the government mind control CDs within a month of your request. Once you receive them, look up the MORI ID number listed. For free, unlimited access to these documents, go to the Black Vault Government Archive at http://www.theblackvault.com/modules.php?n...e&pageID=23. To go directly to the page with the CIA document quoted, click here.

[25] Faden, R.R. Final Report. Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1995. The full report is available on the Department of Energy Website at: http://www.hss.energy.gov/healthsafety/ohr...chre/index.html.

[26] Collins, A. In the Sleep Room. The Story of CIA Brainwashing Experiments in Canada. Toronto: Key Porter Books, 1988/1998. To order this book, click here.

[27] Gillmor, D. I Swear By Apollo. Dr. Ewen Cameron and the CIA-Brainwashing Experiments. Montreal: Eden press, 1987. To order this book, click here.

[28] Marks, J. The Search for the Manchurian Candidate. New York: W.W. Norton, 1988. To order this book, click here.

[29] Nickson, E. The Monkey Puzzle Tree. Toronto: Alfred A. Knopf, 1994.

[30] Scheflin, A.W., & Opton, E.M. The Mind manipulators. New York: Paddington Press, 1978. To order this book, click here.

[31] Thomas, G. Journey into Madness. The Secret Story of Secret CIA Mind Control and Medical Abuse. New York: Bantam, 1989 (paperback 1990). To order this book, click here.

[32] Weinstein, H. Psychiatry and the CIA: Victims of Mind Control. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1990. To order this book, click here.

[33] Cameron, D.E. Psychic driving. American Journal of Psychiatry, 112, 502-509, 1956.

[34] Cameron, D.E. Production of differential amnesia as a factor in the treatment of schizophrenia. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 1, 26-34, 1960.

[35] Cameron, D.E., Lohrenz, J.G., & Handcock, K.A. The depatterning treatment of schizophrenia. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 3, 65-76, 1962.

[36] Cameron, D.E., Levy, L. Rubenstein, L., & Malmo, R.B. Repetition of verbal signals: Behavioral and physiological changes. American Journal of Psychiatry, 115, 985-991, 1959

[37] Estabrooks, G.H. Spiritism. New York: E.P. Dutton, 1947.

[38] Harriman, P.L The experimental induction of a multiple personality. Psychiatry, 5, 179-186, 1942.

[39] Harriman, P.L The experimental production of some phenomena related to multiple personality. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 37, 244-255,1942.

[40] Harriman, P.L A new approach to multiple personalities. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 13, 638-643, 1943.

[41] Estabrooks, G.H. Spiritism. New York: E.M Dutton, 1947. To order this book, click here.

[42] Bender, L. Children’s reactions to psychotomimetic drugs. In D.H. Efron (Ed.), Psychotomimetic Drugs, pp.265-271. New York: Raven Press, 1970.

[43] Estabrooks, G.H. Hypnosis comes of age. Science Digest, 44-50, April 1971. A copy of this article is available at http://www.heart7.net/gh-estabrooks.html.

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[67] Memorandum from ADDP Helms to DCI Dulles, dated 3 April 1953, Tab A, pp. 1-2 (p. 30 on CDs), CIA MORI ID 17748. This is a declassified CIA document dealing with mind control. To verify the statement in the text, use the FOIA (Freedom of Information Act) request as described on our ten-page mind control summary at http://www.WantToKnow.info/mindcontrol10pg#ciadocs. You should receive the government mind control CDs within a month of your request. Once you receive them, look up the MORI ID number listed. For free, unlimited access to these documents, go to the Black Vault Government Archive at http://www.theblackvault.com/modules.php?n...e&pageID=23. To go directly to the CIA document quoted (p.30), click here.

Peter,

I don't think Adele has anything else new to say. She's told her story and now its up to discovering what government records say, both about her and Rivera.

I think Col. Jose Rivera, United States Army Reserves, is one of the most important subjects, suspects in the assassination of President Kennedy, given that he expressed foreknowledge of 1) the premature death of Patrick Kennedy 2) the assassination of the President 3) the use of Oswald as a patsy in the murder 4) the assistance of Ruby and the role of the Carousel Club 5) the phone number of Oswald in New Orleans before Oswald himself knew where he would be living and 6) that Oswald was a suspect in the Walker shooting, and 7) the suicide of the President's best friend, all of this in April of 1963.

Most of the dozen and a half documented cases of people expressing foreknoweldge of the assassination stem from hearsay, second hand sources who knew someone who was involved in the operation, while Col. Rivara, in Washington D.C., seemed to have a real sure handle on what was going down in Dallas/New Orleans around Oswald.

Rivera, to know those details of the crime eight months before hand, puts him very close to the heart of the conspiracy, so you would think there would be more interest in who he was and what he was up to and with whom he was conspiring.

BK